Difference between revisions of "Myotonia"
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m (Text replace - "Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology" to "Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology") |
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* Stiffness is present from birth. | * Stiffness is present from birth. | ||
** Signs improve with exercise. | ** Signs improve with exercise. | ||
| − | * Hypertrophy of the [[ | + | * Hypertrophy of the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and appendicular muscles. |
* Percussion dimple formation | * Percussion dimple formation | ||
* Biopsy results may: | * Biopsy results may: | ||
Revision as of 17:09, 4 September 2010
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Myotonia
- Myotonia is the term given to sustained muscle contraction.
- Myotonia may be congenital or acquired.
Congenital
- Myotonia congenita is caused by an ion channel defect.
- Certain breeds of dogs are predisposed to myotonia congenita.
- Chow chow
- The condition is caused by a defect in the sodium channel.
- Schnauzer
- The condition is caused by a defect in the chloride channel.
- Chow chow
Clinical Signs
- Stiffness is present from birth.
- Signs improve with exercise.
- Hypertrophy of the tongue and appendicular muscles.
- Percussion dimple formation
- Biopsy results may:
- Be normal, or
- Show type 1 fibre predominance or hypertrophy.
Treatment
- Exercise avoidance.
- Drugs:
- Metilxantine
- Procainamide
Acquired
- Acquired myotonia may be caused by:
- Herbicides
- For example, (2,4-D) and dicamba.
- Hyperadrenocorticoidism
- This may be natural (i.e. increased endogenous steroid production), or iatrogenic (i.e. prolonged corticosteroid administration).
- Herbicides