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==Developmental disorders==
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===[[Ciliary Dyskinesia]]===
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*'''Palatoschisis''' ([[Cleft Palate|cleft palate]]) - [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Aspiration pneumonia|aspiration pneumonia]] is a common sequel
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*Nasal deviation
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*'''Choanal atresia''' - imperforate buccopharyngeal membrane
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*'''Maxillary cysts''' in foals - can cause obstruction of ipsilateral nasal passage, destruction of turbinates and deviation of nasal septum
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*'''Cystic nasal chonchae'''
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*'''Nasal cysts'''
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*'''Deviation of nasal septum'''
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*'''Cleft upper [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lip]]'''
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*'''Hypoplastic turbinates'''
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===Ciliary dyskinesia===
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*Immotile cilia syndrome
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*Defect of microtubules of all ciliates cells, including spermatozoa
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*Important factor in recurrent canine [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology|rhino]][[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|sinusitis]], [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology|bronchitis]] and [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology|pneumonia]]
       
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