Category:Oral Cavity and Gingiva - Pathology

Category:Oral Cavity - Erosive & Ulcerative Pathology

Category:Oral Cavity - Vesicular Pathology

Catarrhal Stomatitis

Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous Inflammation

Eosinophilic Inflammation

Eosinophilic Granuloma

Necrotizing Inflammation

Lymphocytic and plasmacytic Inflammation

Category:Oral Cavity - Immune Mediated Pathology

Autoimmune

• Occasionally see vesicles on the oral mucosa. associated with autoimmune diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris.

Hypersensitivity

Category:Oral Cavity - Proliferative Pathology

Hyperplastic

Polychlorinated Napthalene Poisoning

Hyperplastic proliferative pathology

• Polychlorinated biphenyl's (PCB's).
• Used in all sorts of things.
• Do not break down in environment and very toxic.
• Poisoning was classically seen as proliferative stomatitis when PCB used to lubricate feed pellet making machine.
• Vitamin A antagonist produces hyperkeratosis of mouth (like Vitamin A deficiency).

Papular

Orf

• Pox infection
• Quite a common zoonotic disease

Papular proliferative pathology

Clinical

• In sheep produces a proliferative nodule/papular mass on lips
• In flocks in which it is endemic it is seen in lamb
• If flock is non-immune seen in ewes too but much worse in lambs (may spread to inside of mouth)
• Can spread to udder of ewe

Pathology

• Poxvirus infections produce local infection of prickle cells in epithelium with proliferation of cells and formation of papule followed by ulceration / necrosis and covered by necrotic epithelium
• Eventually scabs form and crust drops off
• Scabs - very infectious ( N.B.if touch -> catch it)

Bovine Papular stomatitis

• Parapox virus
• Very similar disease to orf but seen in cattle and generally milder condition.
• Must be differentiated from Foot and Mouth Disease and Mucosal Disease.
• Sporadic, in cattle, less than 1 year old.
• Develop papules on the muzzle, external nares and in the oral cavity; the oesophagus and forestomachs may also be affected.
• Usually heals spontaneously.

Pathogenesis

• The early lesions are round areas of intense congestion up to 1.5 cm in diameter.
• The centre becomes necrotic and slightly depressed.
• Slow peripheral extension of this lesion gives a classical ring zone formation with concentric rings of
  • yellow (necrosis),
  • grey (epithelial hyperplasia)
  • red (congestion).

Histology

• There are focal areas of hydropic degeneration in the stratum spinosum
• Large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion
• Epidermis is markedly thickened.
• The superficial layers of the epithelium become necrotic and slough.
• Vesicle formation is not a feature of this disease.

Papilloma

Neoplastic

Squamous cell carcinoma

neoplastic

Uraemia

• In terminal renal failure animal may present with painful ulcers in mouth, which become secondarily infected with Fusiformis.
  • High concentrations of toxic materials in the blood results in degeneration of small arterioles.
• In the mouth, this damage to the blood supply can cause epithelial necrosis.
• Usually seen as erosions along the ventrolateral borders of the tongue and on the cheeks, especially opposite the teeth.
• In some cases there may be more extensive necrosis which may involve subepithelial tissue
  • for example, the tip of the tongue may slough.
• Most commonly seen in dog sometimes in cat.

Category:Oral Cavity - Nutritional Pathology

Nicotinic Acid Deficiency

• May also cause epithelial necrosis and sloughing.

Category:Oral Cavity - Traumatic Pathology

Ulcers Following Trauma

• Any animal that is exposed to coarse feed or sharp things in food can suffer from ulcers in mouth.
• They often become secondarily infected with production of metastatic infection that may result in large abscess on point of jaw.
  • i.e. trauma on tongue may lead to secondary infection that may lead to abscess in drainage lymph node.

• Deep ulcers may occur as a result of trauma in any species.
• These readily become secondarily infected by Fusiformis.
• Produces a fibrin-covered ulcer.
• Responds to antibiotics, but may leave a defect or scar in mucosa.

Vascular Pathology

Learning Tools

Cavity and Gingiva Flashcards