Difference between revisions of "Brachyspira pilosicoli"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(7 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
{{OpenPagesTop}}
 
{{Taxobox
 
{{Taxobox
 
|name              =''Brachyspira pilosicoli''
 
|name              =''Brachyspira pilosicoli''
Line 5: Line 6:
 
|order              =Spirochaetales
 
|order              =Spirochaetales
 
|family            =Brachyspiraceae
 
|family            =Brachyspiraceae
−
|genus              =Brachyspira
+
|genus              =[[:Category:Brachyspira and Serpulina|Brachyspira]]
 
|species            =''B. pilosicoli''   
 
|species            =''B. pilosicoli''   
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
−
Brachyspira pilosicoli is a gram negative spiral shaped obligate anaerobe [[Bacteria|bacterium]], closely related to [[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]] and one of the ''[[Spirochaetes]]'' family. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6-11µm long. It is only weakly haemolytic in contract to B. hyodysenteriae.
+
[[File:Brachyspira pilosicoli.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Figure 1: ''Brachispira pilosicoli'' in culture, stained by Gram stain.]]
 +
'''''Brachyspira pilosicoli''''' is a Gram-negative, spiral shaped bacterium. It is an anaerobic [[Spirochaetes|spirochaete]], closely related to ''[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]''. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6-11µm long (Figure 1). It is only weakly haemolytic in contrast to ''B. hyodysenteriae''.
  
−
The bacterium may have 8-12 flagellae, inserted at each pole of the cell and has a lipopolysaccharide cell wall which also acts as a virulence factor.
+
The bacterium may have '''8-12 internalised flagellae''', inserted at either pole of the cell between the inner and outer membranes. The outer membrane contains '''lipopolysaccharide''' (endotoxin). This pathogen can also cause '''zoonotic''' disease in people.  
−
 
 
−
This pathogen can also cause zoonotic disease in people.
 
  
 
==Lifecycle==
 
==Lifecycle==
−
Infection of ''B.pilosicoli'' is acquired via ingestion of contaminated faeces.
+
Infection of ''B.pilosicoli'' is acquired via '''ingestion of contaminated faeces'''. Once in the Alimentary tract, the spiral rotating motion allows the bacterium to move through the mucus in the intestine and thus reach and invade its target cells in the large intestine. The organism remains '''infective for long periods in organic matter''' but is '''inactivated by sunlight'''.
  
−
Once in the [[Alimentary System|Alimentary tract]], the flagellae allow the bacterium to move through the mucus in the intestine and thus reach and invade its target cells in the large intestine.
+
The pathogen has been isolated from '''dogs, birds, mice and humans'''. Dogs are thought to be a source of infection for people.
  
−
The organism remains infective for long periods in organic matter but is inactivated by sunlight.
+
==Diseases==
 +
''B. pilosicoli'' is the cause of '''[[Porcine Intestinal Spirochaetosis|porcine intestinal spirochaetosis]]''' which is a much milder disease than the [[Swine Dysentery|swine dysentery]] caused by ''[[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]]''.
  
−
The pathogen has been isolated from dogs, birds and humans. Dogs are thought to be a source of infection for people.
+
The presence of the spirochaetes in diarrhoeal faeces is not itself diagnostic because related, but non-pathogenic, species may be present.
  
 
==Pathogenesis==
 
==Pathogenesis==
−
The attachment of ''B. pilosicoli'' to epithelial cells of colonic mucosa causes oedema, haemorrhage and leucocyte infiltration, thus disrupting their function and leading to cell exfoliation and malabsorption. The invasion of goblet cells can also lead to secretory [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]].
+
The '''attachment''' of ''B. pilosicoli'' to epithelial cells of colonic mucosa causes oedema, shedding of epithelial cells, haemorrhage and leucocyte infiltration and leading to '''malabsorption'''. The invasion of goblet cells can also lead to '''secretory [[diarrhoea]]'''.
  
−
Toxins and proteins released by B. pilosicoli have haemolytic and cytotoxic effects. Its membranous LPS also contains an endotoxin (lipid A).
+
'''Toxins and proteins''' released by B. pilosicoli have '''haemolytic and cytotoxic effects'''. Its membranous '''LPS''' also contains an endotoxin (lipid A).
−
 
 
−
==Diseases==
 
−
B. pilosicoli is the cause of '''[[Porcine Intestinal Spirochaetosis|porcine intestinal spirochaetosis]]''' which is a much milder disease than the [[Swine Dysentery]] caused by [[Brachyspira hyodysenteriae]].
 
−
 
 
−
Presence of the spirochaetes in grey-pink diarrhoeal faeces is diagnostic.
 
  
 
{{Learning
 
{{Learning
 
|literature search= [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Brachyspira+pilosicoli%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=42&y=14&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all ''Brachyspira pilosicoli'' publications]
 
|literature search= [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Brachyspira+pilosicoli%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=42&y=14&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all ''Brachyspira pilosicoli'' publications]
−
|flashcards = [[Brachyspira pilosicoli Flashcards|B. pilosicoli Flashcards]]
+
|flashcards = [[Brachyspira pilosicoli Flashcards|''B. pilosicoli'' Flashcards]]
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
−
Hirsh, D. C., Maclachan, N. J.,  Walker, R. L (19) Veterinary Microbiology. Pp131-133. Wiley-Blackwell, London.
+
Hirsh, D. C., Maclachan, N. J.,  Walker, R. L (2004) '''Veterinary Microbiology 2nd ed.'''. Pp:131-133. ''Wiley-Blackwell, London''.
 +
 
 +
{{CABI source
 +
|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=91832&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 ''Brachyspira pilosicoli'']
 +
|date =11 June 2011
 +
}}
 +
<br><br><br>
 +
 
 +
{{Andrew Rycroft
 +
|date = January 4, 2012}}
 +
 
 +
{{OpenPages}}
  
−
[[Category:Brachyspira_and_Serpulina]][[Category:Pig Bacteria]] [[Category:To Do - CABI review]]
+
[[Category:Brachyspira_and_Serpulina]]
 +
[[Category:Pig Bacteria]]
 +
[[Category:Zoonoses]]
 +
[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]

Latest revision as of 12:32, 17 August 2012


Brachyspira pilosicoli
Phylum Spirochaetes
Class Spirochaetes
Order Spirochaetales
Family Brachyspiraceae
Genus Brachyspira
Species B. pilosicoli

Introduction

Figure 1: Brachispira pilosicoli in culture, stained by Gram stain.

Brachyspira pilosicoli is a Gram-negative, spiral shaped bacterium. It is an anaerobic spirochaete, closely related to Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6-11µm long (Figure 1). It is only weakly haemolytic in contrast to B. hyodysenteriae.

The bacterium may have 8-12 internalised flagellae, inserted at either pole of the cell between the inner and outer membranes. The outer membrane contains lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin). This pathogen can also cause zoonotic disease in people.

Lifecycle

Infection of B.pilosicoli is acquired via ingestion of contaminated faeces. Once in the Alimentary tract, the spiral rotating motion allows the bacterium to move through the mucus in the intestine and thus reach and invade its target cells in the large intestine. The organism remains infective for long periods in organic matter but is inactivated by sunlight.

The pathogen has been isolated from dogs, birds, mice and humans. Dogs are thought to be a source of infection for people.

Diseases

B. pilosicoli is the cause of porcine intestinal spirochaetosis which is a much milder disease than the swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.

The presence of the spirochaetes in diarrhoeal faeces is not itself diagnostic because related, but non-pathogenic, species may be present.

Pathogenesis

The attachment of B. pilosicoli to epithelial cells of colonic mucosa causes oedema, shedding of epithelial cells, haemorrhage and leucocyte infiltration and leading to malabsorption. The invasion of goblet cells can also lead to secretory diarrhoea.

Toxins and proteins released by B. pilosicoli have haemolytic and cytotoxic effects. Its membranous LPS also contains an endotoxin (lipid A).


Brachyspira pilosicoli Learning Resources
FlashcardsFlashcards logo.png
Flashcards
Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions 		B. pilosicoli Flashcards
CABICABI logo.jpg
Literature Search
Search for recent publications via CAB Abstract
(CABI log in required) 		Brachyspira pilosicoli publications


References

Hirsh, D. C., Maclachan, N. J., Walker, R. L (2004) Veterinary Microbiology 2nd ed.. Pp:131-133. Wiley-Blackwell, London.


CABIlogo

This article was originally sourced from The Animal Health & Production Compendium (AHPC) published online by CABI during the OVAL Project.

The datasheet was accessed on 11 June 2011.

This article has been expert reviewed by Prof Andrew Rycroft BSc (Hons), PhD, C.Biol., FSB, FRCPath

Date reviewed: January 4, 2012



Error in widget FBRecommend: unable to write file /var/www/wikivet.net/extensions/Widgets/compiled_templates/wrt662a6fc640e040_85229178
Error in widget google+: unable to write file /var/www/wikivet.net/extensions/Widgets/compiled_templates/wrt662a6fc6444164_98681078
Error in widget TwitterTweet: unable to write file /var/www/wikivet.net/extensions/Widgets/compiled_templates/wrt662a6fc6474f41_98733148
WikiVet® Introduction - Help WikiVet - Report a Problem
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Brachyspira_pilosicoli&oldid=142542"