Difference between revisions of "Malignant Catarrhal Fever Virus"
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(New page: {{unfinished}} {{toplink |linkpage =Viruses |linktext =VIRUSES |sublink1=Herpesviridae |subtext1=HERPESVIRUSES |pagetype =Bugs }} <br> ====Hosts==== *Reservoir species: wildebeest, sheep...) |
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| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
====Pathogenesis==== | ====Pathogenesis==== | ||
| − | *Sporadically induce a fatal over-active T cell division, where virus encodes anti-apoptotic protein in dead-end host | + | [[Image:MCF1.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Sever Oculo-nasal Discharge of MCF (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] |
| − | *'''Latent''' infection | + | *Clinical signs in cattle: [[Image:MCF2.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Fissures on tongue (no vesicles) in MCF (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] |
| + | **Necrotising lesions in upper respiratory tract and eye: conjunctivitis and corneal oedema / opacity (keratitis or "blue eye" - characteristic feature) | ||
| + | **Fever and [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] with severe oculo-nasal discharge | ||
| + | **Not eating, dull with ulcers on muzzle may spread to rest of face with brown exudate | ||
| + | **Ulcers also on tongue, dental pad, and cheeks that regularly become secondarily infected | ||
| + | **Lymphocyte proliferation progresses in lymphoid tissue and blood until death | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Lymph nodes completely replaced by [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology#Follicles|lymphoblasts]] - similar to [[lymphosarcoma]]; synonym lymphoma. (resembles lymphotropic herpes virus such as [[Epstein Barr]]) | ||
| + | *Also vasculitis with medial necrosis of blood vessels throughout body with infiltration of walls of vessels by [[Lymphocytes - WikiBlood|lymphocytes]]. | ||
| + | *Ulcers are due to hypoxia of epithelium resulting from vascular lesions | ||
| + | *Sporadically induce a fatal '''over-active T cell division''', where virus encodes anti-apoptotic protein in dead-end host | ||
| + | *'''Latent''' infection that is invariably fatal | ||
*Virus excretion increased during periparturient period | *Virus excretion increased during periparturient period | ||
| − | * | + | |
| − | ** | + | ====Epidemiology==== |
| − | * | + | *Not all that common in UK |
| + | *Affects whole body but especially evident clinically in face and mouth | ||
| + | *Sporadic and often seen in animals mixing with sheep (carriers) | ||
| + | *In parts of Africa see long outbreaks (diff serotypes) carried by Wildebeest | ||
| + | *In deer produces very serious outbreaks, probably primarily sheep virus | ||
| + | *Often youngish animal 6 months to 1 year | ||
====Control==== | ====Control==== | ||
*Wildebeest should not be stocked in zoos where possible | *Wildebeest should not be stocked in zoos where possible | ||
*Sheep and deer should be housed separately | *Sheep and deer should be housed separately | ||
Revision as of 18:15, 29 October 2008
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This article is still under construction. |
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Hosts
- Reservoir species: wildebeest, sheep, each transferring different forms of the virus
- Innocuous to reservoir hosts
- Dead end hosts: cows, kudu, some deer
Pathogenesis
- Clinical signs in cattle:
- Necrotising lesions in upper respiratory tract and eye: conjunctivitis and corneal oedema / opacity (keratitis or "blue eye" - characteristic feature)
- Fever and diarrhoea with severe oculo-nasal discharge
- Not eating, dull with ulcers on muzzle may spread to rest of face with brown exudate
- Ulcers also on tongue, dental pad, and cheeks that regularly become secondarily infected
- Lymphocyte proliferation progresses in lymphoid tissue and blood until death
- Lymph nodes completely replaced by lymphoblasts - similar to lymphosarcoma; synonym lymphoma. (resembles lymphotropic herpes virus such as Epstein Barr)
- Also vasculitis with medial necrosis of blood vessels throughout body with infiltration of walls of vessels by lymphocytes.
- Ulcers are due to hypoxia of epithelium resulting from vascular lesions
- Sporadically induce a fatal over-active T cell division, where virus encodes anti-apoptotic protein in dead-end host
- Latent infection that is invariably fatal
- Virus excretion increased during periparturient period
Epidemiology
- Not all that common in UK
- Affects whole body but especially evident clinically in face and mouth
- Sporadic and often seen in animals mixing with sheep (carriers)
- In parts of Africa see long outbreaks (diff serotypes) carried by Wildebeest
- In deer produces very serious outbreaks, probably primarily sheep virus
- Often youngish animal 6 months to 1 year
Control
- Wildebeest should not be stocked in zoos where possible
- Sheep and deer should be housed separately