Difference between revisions of "Placenta Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology"
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− | The Placenta is a hugely important endocrine organ, producing many [[ | + | The Placenta is a hugely important endocrine organ, producing many [[Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which affect the status of pregnancy and the maternal physiology. |
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|<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font> | |<font color=Purple>Oestrogen<font> | ||
|Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows. | |Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows. | ||
− | |Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[ | + | |Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the [[Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]]. |
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|<font color=Purple>Placental Lactogen<font> | |<font color=Purple>Placental Lactogen<font> | ||
− | |This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[ | + | |This is related to [[Lactation - Endocrine Control - Anatomy & Physiology|Prolactin]] and [[Pituitary Growth Hormone - Anatomy & Physiology|Growth hormone]], and is produced by the placenta and uterus. |
|Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents. | |Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents. | ||
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Revision as of 16:32, 3 September 2008
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The Placenta is a hugely important endocrine organ, producing many hormones which affect the status of pregnancy and the maternal physiology.
Hormone | Production and Regulation | Action |
---|---|---|
Prostaglandin F2a | Produced towards the end of pregnancy in increasing amounts to allow for parturition. | Causes luteolysis and promotes uterine contractions. |
Progesterone | The Placenta takes over Progesterone production from the Corpus Luteum to maintain the pregnancy. | Maintains the pregnancy by thickening the cervix, depressing the maternal immune response and preventing ovulation. It also promotes mammary growth. |
Oestrogen | Oestrogen levels rise throughout pregnancy as the placenta grows. | Stimulate the growth of the myometrium, promote mammary development and suppress gonadotrophin release from the pituitary gland. |
Placental Lactogen | This is related to Prolactin and Growth hormone, and is produced by the placenta and uterus. | Promotes growth and differentiation of mammary tissue. Identified in primates, ruminants and rodents. |
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) | This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells, and is actually the same molecule as equine LH. | Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in equids. |
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) | This is produced by foetal trophoblast cells. | Prevents luteal regression and is thus the signal for Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in primates. |