The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards

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Avian Alimentary System Flashcards

Question	Answer	Article
True or False: The avian tongue has a bone in it?	True	Link to Answer Article
In which direction are the horny papillae of the tongue facing?	Caudally	Link to Answer Article
Are taste buds present on the avian tongue?	Yes	Link to Answer Article
Which substances are present in avian saliva?	Amylase Mucous	Link to Answer Article
How does a bird breathe when its beak is closed?	Air passes from the trachea into the oral cavity, then through the choanal opening in the roof of the hard palate, into the infundibulum then into the nasal pharynx before exiting through the nares	Link to Answer Article
What is the function of the crop?	Store of food	Link to Answer Article
Which nerve innervates the crop?	Vagus nerve (CN X)	Link to Answer Article
Pigeons slough their epithelial cells of the crop to produce which substance?	Crop milk	Link to Answer Article
What structure connects the proventriculus to the gizzard?	The isthmus	Link to Answer Article
What is the function of the proventriculus?	Secrete digestive enzymes	Link to Answer Article
What type of epithelium lines the proventriculus?	Glandular epithelium Columnar	Link to Answer Article
True or False: Parietal cells are present in the proventriculus?	False	Link to Answer Article
How many layers of lamina muscularis are present in the proventriculus and in the gizzard?	Inner oblique Middle circular Outer longitudinal	Link to Answer Article
What is the function of the gizzard?	Mechanical digestion	Link to Answer Article
Why does the gizzard appear yellow in colour?	It is yellow due to bile reflux from the duodenum	Link to Answer Article
What type of epithelium is present in the gizzard?	Cuboidal Keratinised Koilin cuticle present	Link to Answer Article
Which species do not have a gizzard?	Raptors Owls Gulls	Link to Answer Article
What organ is present in between the duodenal loops?	The pancreas	Link to Answer Article
Where do the pancreatic and bile ducts enter the duodenum?	In the caudal part	Link to Answer Article
What is the Vitelline Diverticula?	Small outgrowth of the jejunum Connect to yolk sac in the embryo Also called Merkel's diverticulum	Link to Answer Article
How many caeca are present in avians?	Two	Link to Answer Article
What type of epithelium and glands lines the caeca?	Columnar Mucous cells	Link to Answer Article
Which avian species does not have caeca?	Parrots	Link to Answer Article
What colour is the avian liver?	Dark brown	Link to Answer Article
How many lobes does the avian liver have?	Two The right lobe is larger than the left lobe	Link to Answer Article
Which species do not have a gall bladder?	Pigeons Parrots	Link to Answer Article
What part of the cloaca does the alimentary system terminate in?	The coprodeum	Link to Answer Article
How do galliformes release extra ammonia for protein synthesis?	Turkeys and chickens can move urates from the urinary tract to the colon and then into the caeca recycling ammonia for protein synthesis	Link to Answer Article

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