The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards

Question	Answer		Article
True or False: The avian tongue has a bone in it?	True		Link to Article
In which direction are the horny papillae of the tongue facing?	Caudally		Link to Article
Are taste buds present on the avian tongue?	Yes		Link to Article
Which substances are present in avian saliva?	Amylase		Link to Article
What is the function of the crop?	Store of food		Link to Article
Which nerve innervates the crop?	Vagus nerve (CN X)		Link to Article
Pigeons slough their epithelial cells of the crop to produce which substance?	Crop milk		Link to Article
What structure connects the proventriculus to the gizzard?	The isthmus		Link to Article
What is the function of the proventriculus?	Secrete digestive enzymes		Link to Article
What type of epithelium lines the proventriculus?	Glandular epithelium Columnar		Link to Article
True or False: Parietal cells are present in the proventriculus?	False		Link to Article
How many layers of lamina muscularis are present in the proventriculus and in the gizzard?	Inner oblique Middle circular Outer longitudinal		Link to Article
What is the function of the gizzard?	Mechanical digestion		Link to Article
Why does the gizzard appear yellow in colour?	It is yellow due to bile reflux from the duodenum		Link to Article
What type of epithelium is present in the gizzard?	Cuboidal Keratinised Koilin cuticle present		Link to Article
Which species do not have a crop?	Raptors Owls Gulls		Link to Article
What organ is present in between the duodenal loops?	The pancreas		Link to Article
Where do the pancreatic and bile ducts enter the duodenum?	In the caudal part		Link to Article
What is the Vitelline Diverticula?	Small outgrowth of the jejunum Connect to yolk sac in the embryo Also called Meckel's diverticulum		Link to Article
How many caeca are present in avians?	Two		Link to Article
What type of epithelium and glands lines the caeca?	Columnar Mucous cells		Link to Article
Which avian species does not have caeca?	Parrots		Link to Article
What colour is the avian liver?	Dark brown		Link to Article
How many lobes does the avian liver have?	Two The right lobe is larger than the left lobe		Link to Article
Which species do not have a gall bladder?	Pigeons Parrots		Link to Article
What part of the cloaca does the alimentary system terminate in?	The coprodeum		Link to Article