Difference between revisions of "Skin Immunologic - Pathology"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Integumentary System - Immunologic Pathology]]
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|backcolour = FFCCCC
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|linkpage =Integumentary System - Pathology
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|linktext =Integumentary System
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|maplink = Integumentary System (Content Map) - Pathology
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|pagetype =Pathology
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==General==
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*Classification:
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**Hypersensitivity - response to normally harmless substances
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**Auto-immune - antobodies or T-cells reactive against self-antigens
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*Mostly involves mixture of types described below
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==Autoimmune reactions==
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===[[Bullous Pemphigoid]]===
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*Dogs and horses
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*Involves oral cavity, mucocutaneous junctions, groin and axilla
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*Subepidermal vesicles and bullae
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*Antibodies bound to basement membrane
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*Grossly:
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**Similar to [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology#Pemphigus|Pemphigus vulgaris]]
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*Microscopically:
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**Bullae containing fibrin, [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] or [[Eosinophils|eosinophils]]
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**Basement membrane forms floor of bullae and roof is lined with basal cells
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*Bullae may rupture -> ulcers
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Autoimmune Reactions]]
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===[[Canine Dermatomyositis]]===
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*See also [[Muscles Developmental - Pathology#Canine dermatomyositis|Canine dermatomyositis]]
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*Affects puppies of collies and shetland sheepdogs from 8 weeks of age
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*Lesions - vesiculating dermatitis
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**Face, lips, external ears, later distal extremities
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*Microscopically: interface dermatitis and basal cell degeneration of epidermis and follicular wall, atrophy of follicles, epidermal vesicles and pustules, dermal scarring
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Autoimmune Reactions]]
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===[[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]]===
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*'''Systemic (SLE)'''
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**Multiple organs involved
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**Cats, dogs, horses
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**Immune dysregulation:
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***Damaged T-cell suppressor function, either primary deficiency or antibody mediated
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***Cytokine dysregulation
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***Resulting B-cell hyperactivity -> antibodies to self antigens -> antigen-antibody complexes deposited in various tissues -> Type III hypersensitivity
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**Lesions localised or generalised
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**Erythema, alopecia, depigmentation, crusting and scaling, ulceration
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**Microscopically: lymphohistiocytic interface dermatitis, thickened basement membrane, vasculitis, subepidermal vesicles, basal cell degeneration
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*'''Discoid'''
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**Milder variant of systemic
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**Depigmentation, erythema, scaling, erosions, ulceration, crusting
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**Usually involves nasal planum, dorsum of muzzle, occasionally pinnae, lips, oral mucosa or periocular area
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**Microscopically: lichenoid interface dermatitis, often with lymphocytes, plasma cells, basal cell degeneration, loss of pigment
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[[Category:Integumentary System - Autoimmune Reactions]]
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===[[Pemphigus]]===

Revision as of 16:49, 22 February 2011

 This article has been peer reviewed but is awaiting expert review. If you would like to help with this, please see more information about expert reviewing.


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()Map INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (Map)



General

  • Classification:
    • Hypersensitivity - response to normally harmless substances
    • Auto-immune - antobodies or T-cells reactive against self-antigens
  • Mostly involves mixture of types described below


Autoimmune reactions

Bullous Pemphigoid

  • Dogs and horses
  • Involves oral cavity, mucocutaneous junctions, groin and axilla
  • Subepidermal vesicles and bullae
  • Antibodies bound to basement membrane
  • Grossly:
  • Microscopically:
    • Bullae containing fibrin, neutrophils or eosinophils
    • Basement membrane forms floor of bullae and roof is lined with basal cells
  • Bullae may rupture -> ulcers

Canine Dermatomyositis

  • See also Canine dermatomyositis
  • Affects puppies of collies and shetland sheepdogs from 8 weeks of age
  • Lesions - vesiculating dermatitis
    • Face, lips, external ears, later distal extremities
  • Microscopically: interface dermatitis and basal cell degeneration of epidermis and follicular wall, atrophy of follicles, epidermal vesicles and pustules, dermal scarring

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

  • Systemic (SLE)
    • Multiple organs involved
    • Cats, dogs, horses
    • Immune dysregulation:
      • Damaged T-cell suppressor function, either primary deficiency or antibody mediated
      • Cytokine dysregulation
      • Resulting B-cell hyperactivity -> antibodies to self antigens -> antigen-antibody complexes deposited in various tissues -> Type III hypersensitivity
    • Lesions localised or generalised
    • Erythema, alopecia, depigmentation, crusting and scaling, ulceration
    • Microscopically: lymphohistiocytic interface dermatitis, thickened basement membrane, vasculitis, subepidermal vesicles, basal cell degeneration
  • Discoid
    • Milder variant of systemic
    • Depigmentation, erythema, scaling, erosions, ulceration, crusting
    • Usually involves nasal planum, dorsum of muzzle, occasionally pinnae, lips, oral mucosa or periocular area
    • Microscopically: lichenoid interface dermatitis, often with lymphocytes, plasma cells, basal cell degeneration, loss of pigment

Pemphigus

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