Difference between revisions of "Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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|backcolour =BCED91
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|linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology
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|linktext =Alimentary System
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|maplink = Alimentary (Concept Map)- Anatomy & Physiology
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|pagetype =Anatomy
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<br>
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==Introduction==
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The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands.  The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
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Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] and [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
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Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[Tooth Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
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Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
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==Types of Salivary Glands==
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[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
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===Major Salivary Glands===
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*[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
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*[[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
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*[[Sublingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
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*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
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===Minor Salivary Glands===
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*[[Labial Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Labial]]
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*[[Lingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Lingual]]
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*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]]
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*[[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Palatine]]
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[[Image:Salivary Glands Dog.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
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==Innervation==
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*Sympathetic
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**Vasoconstriction occurs
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**Flow of saliva is decreased
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*Parasympathetic (most important)
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**Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN XI]]) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
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**Flow of salivary fluid increases
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**Vasodilation occurs
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*Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN III]]), facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]])
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==Saliva==
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*Mainly water
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*Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
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*Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
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*Mucin
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*Electrolytes
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*Antimicrobial agents
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*Lingual lipase
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==Species Differences==
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[[Image:Salivary Glands of Different Species.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy]]
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===Equine===
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*Produce up to 40L per day
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===Bovine===
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*Produce 110-180L per day
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===Porcine===
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*Produce up tp 15L per day
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==Links==
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[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Salivary Glands Flashcards|Salivary Glands Flashcards]]
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[[Salivary Glands - Pathology|Salivary Glands Pathology]]

Revision as of 15:41, 14 August 2009

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()Map ALIMENTARY SYSTEM (Map)



Introduction

The oral cavity is drained by numerous salivary glands. The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates mastication by lubricating the passage of the bolus.

Salivary gands are present in the cheek, tongue, lips, oesophagus, soft palate and pharynx but the major salivary glands are located further away from the oral cavity and function through connective ducts.

Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the teeth and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.

Salivary glands can produce a serous secretion, a mucous secretion or both.

Types of Salivary Glands

Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008

Major Salivary Glands

Minor Salivary Glands

Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota

Innervation

  • Sympathetic
    • Vasoconstriction occurs
    • Flow of saliva is decreased
  • Parasympathetic (most important)
    • Travel from the brainstem by the facial (CN VII) and glossopharyngeal (CN XI) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
    • Flow of salivary fluid increases
    • Vasodilation occurs

Saliva

  • Mainly water
  • Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
  • Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
  • Mucin
  • Electrolytes
  • Antimicrobial agents
  • Lingual lipase


Species Differences

Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy

Equine

  • Produce up to 40L per day

Bovine

  • Produce 110-180L per day

Porcine

  • Produce up tp 15L per day

Links

Salivary Glands Flashcards

Salivary Glands Pathology

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