Difference between revisions of "Parasitic skin infections - Pathology"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Integumentary System - Parasitic Infections]]
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{{toplink
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|backcolour = FFCCCC
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|linkpage =Integumentary System - Pathology
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|linktext =Integumentary System
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|maplink = Integumentary System (Content Map) - Pathology
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|pagetype =Pathology
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|sublink1 = Skin Infectious - Pathology
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|subtext1 = SKIN INFECTIOUS
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}}
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<br>
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==[[Flea Dermatosis]]==
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==[[Fly Dermatosis]]==
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===[[Myiasis]]===
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==Helminths==
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===[[Habronemiasis, Cutaneous]] ===
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===[[Hookworm Dermatosis]]===
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===[[Onchocerciasis]]===
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===[[Stephanofilariasis]]===
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==Lice==
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[[Pediculosis]]
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==Mites==
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===[[Cheyletiellosis]]===
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===[[Chorioptic Mange]]===
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===[[Demodicosis]]===
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===[[Feline Scabies|Notoedric mites]]===
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===[[Otodectic Dermatosis]]===
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===Psoroptic mites===
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*Occurs in cattle, sheep, horses, goats, rabbits and other animals
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*Host-specific
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*[[Psoroptes cuniculi|''Psoroptes cuniculi'']] in ear canals of rabbits, horses, goats and sheep
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*[[Psoroptes|''P.equi'']] at base of mane, tail and forelock in horses
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*[[Psoroptes ovis|''P.ovis'']] in sheep ('''sheep scab''')and cattle
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**Thickened skin and dry scales and crusts
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**Starts at withers and spreads due to self trauma
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**Microscopically:
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***Spongiotic, hyperplastic or exudative superficial perivascular dermatitis
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***Eosinophils
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===Scabies===
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*Caused by [[Sarcoptes|''Sarcoptes scabiei'']]
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*Highly contagious
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*Mainly in pigs, dogs, also horses, cattle, sheep, goats and cats
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*Intense pruritus due hypersensitivity to mites borrowing through stratum corneum
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*Usually starts with external pinnae -> head -> neck -> generalised
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*Grossly:
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**Erythematous [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|macules, papules, crusts]]
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**If chronic -> [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|lichenified]], hairless
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*Microscopically:
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**Hyperplastic, spongiotic, superficial perivascular dermatitis
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**Crusting, eosinophil infiltration
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**Mites are not commonly seen, but eggs and feces may be found in stratumn corneum
 +
 
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===Trombiculidiasis===
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*Harvest mite infestation (chiggers) - [[Trombicula autumnalis|''Trombicula'' sp.]]
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*Form tunnels in epidermis by injecting saliva - eat digested tissue fluid
 +
*Intense pruritus
 +
*Grossly:
 +
**Small, red [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|papules or crusts]]
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**Orange to red larvae
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**On skin close to plants or the ground
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*Microscopically:
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**Hyperplastic, superficial perivascular dermatitis
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**[[Eosinophils|Eosinophils]], [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]
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**Intraepidermal mites
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==Protozoa==
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*Cutaneous infection may become a part of systemic infection
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*Mostly caused by [[Protozoa|''Leishmania'']]
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*Transmitted by [[Insecta|sandflies]]
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*Occurs in dogs, cats and rodents (also humans)
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*Grossly in dog:
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**Generalised alopecia
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**Silvery white scales
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**Nodules and ulcers if more severe
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**Mainly on muzzle, ears and eyes where flies feed
 +
*Microscopically:
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**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, crusts]]
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**Granulomatous nodules in dermis
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**Macrophages, some lymphocytes and plasma cells - periadnexal pattern, may affect sebaceous glands
 +
**Organisms may be found extra or intracellularly
 +
 
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==Ticks==
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*Local reaction depends on host hypersensitivity and [[Ticks|tick's]] secretions
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*Grossly:
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**Focal erosions, erythema, crusted ulcers, sometimes alopecia and nodules
 +
*Microscopically:
 +
**Epidermal and dermal necrosis
 +
**Perivascular of diffuse inflammation and necrotic margins
 +
**Eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in exudate
 +
**May form granulomas containing collagenous fibres and lymphoid follicles within dermis

Revision as of 10:32, 30 June 2010

WikiPathWikiPath Banner.png
()Map INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (Map)
SKIN INFECTIOUS



Flea Dermatosis

Fly Dermatosis

Myiasis

Helminths

Habronemiasis, Cutaneous

Hookworm Dermatosis

Onchocerciasis

Stephanofilariasis

Lice

Pediculosis

Mites

Cheyletiellosis

Chorioptic Mange

Demodicosis

Notoedric mites

Otodectic Dermatosis

Psoroptic mites

  • Occurs in cattle, sheep, horses, goats, rabbits and other animals
  • Host-specific
  • Psoroptes cuniculi in ear canals of rabbits, horses, goats and sheep
  • P.equi at base of mane, tail and forelock in horses
  • P.ovis in sheep (sheep scab)and cattle
    • Thickened skin and dry scales and crusts
    • Starts at withers and spreads due to self trauma
    • Microscopically:
      • Spongiotic, hyperplastic or exudative superficial perivascular dermatitis
      • Eosinophils

Scabies

  • Caused by Sarcoptes scabiei
  • Highly contagious
  • Mainly in pigs, dogs, also horses, cattle, sheep, goats and cats
  • Intense pruritus due hypersensitivity to mites borrowing through stratum corneum
  • Usually starts with external pinnae -> head -> neck -> generalised
  • Grossly:
  • Microscopically:
    • Hyperplastic, spongiotic, superficial perivascular dermatitis
    • Crusting, eosinophil infiltration
    • Mites are not commonly seen, but eggs and feces may be found in stratumn corneum

Trombiculidiasis

  • Harvest mite infestation (chiggers) - Trombicula sp.
  • Form tunnels in epidermis by injecting saliva - eat digested tissue fluid
  • Intense pruritus
  • Grossly:
    • Small, red papules or crusts
    • Orange to red larvae
    • On skin close to plants or the ground
  • Microscopically:

Protozoa

  • Cutaneous infection may become a part of systemic infection
  • Mostly caused by Leishmania
  • Transmitted by sandflies
  • Occurs in dogs, cats and rodents (also humans)
  • Grossly in dog:
    • Generalised alopecia
    • Silvery white scales
    • Nodules and ulcers if more severe
    • Mainly on muzzle, ears and eyes where flies feed
  • Microscopically:
    • Hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, crusts
    • Granulomatous nodules in dermis
    • Macrophages, some lymphocytes and plasma cells - periadnexal pattern, may affect sebaceous glands
    • Organisms may be found extra or intracellularly

Ticks

  • Local reaction depends on host hypersensitivity and tick's secretions
  • Grossly:
    • Focal erosions, erythema, crusted ulcers, sometimes alopecia and nodules
  • Microscopically:
    • Epidermal and dermal necrosis
    • Perivascular of diffuse inflammation and necrotic margins
    • Eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in exudate
    • May form granulomas containing collagenous fibres and lymphoid follicles within dermis
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