Difference between revisions of "Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Respiratory Parasitic Infections]]
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{{review}}
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{{toplink
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|backcolour = D1EEEE
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|linkpage =Cardiorespiratory System - Pathology
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|linktext =Cardiorespiratory System
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|maplink = Cardiorespiratory System (Content Map) - Pathology
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|pagetype =Pathology
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|sublink1=Respiratory System Inflammation - Pathology
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|subtext1=RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INFLAMMATION
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}}
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<br>
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==In Dogs==
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==='''''[[Filaroides osleri]]'''''===
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===''[[Linguatula serrata]]''===
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===''[[Angiostrongylus vasorum]]''===
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===''[[Dirofilaria immitis]]''===
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===[[Capillaria|''Capillaria aerophila'']]===
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===[[Toxoplasmosis]]===
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===''[[Crenosoma vulpis]]''===
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==In Cats==
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===[[Crustacea|''Linguatula serrata'']]===
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*As in dogs above
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===''[[Aelurostrongylus abstrusus]]''===
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===[[Filarioidea|''Dirofilaria immitis'']]===
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===[[Trichinelloidea|''Capillaria aerophila'']]===
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*As in dogs above
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==In Horses==
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 +
===''[[Parascaris equorum]]''===
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===''[[Dictyocaulus arnfieldi]]''===
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===[[Coccidiosis - Horse|''Besnoitia bennetti'']]===
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==In Cattle==
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===''[[Dictyocaulus viviparus]]''===
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 +
 
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===Hydatid cysts===
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[[Image:Echinococcus cysts.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Echinococcus cysts (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
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 +
*The intermediate stage of [[Cestodes|''Echinococcus granulosus'']] can be found in the lungs of many species, most commonly in lungs of cattle and sheep
 +
*They range in size up to 5-10 cm diameter and although of little clinical significance, are important as a zoonosis (can be upto football size in man) and because of carcass condemnation
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===[[Strongyloidea|''Syngamus laryngeus'']]===
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*In [[Larynx Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of laryngitis|larynx]] of cattle in Asia and South America
 +
 
 +
==In Sheep==
 +
 
 +
===Hydatid cysts===
 +
 
 +
As in cattle (above)
 +
 
 +
===[[Insecta|''Oestrus ovis'']]===
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*Larvae in the [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|nasal cavity]] of sheep and goats = Nasal bots
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*Causes reaction in [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Sinusitis|sinuses]]
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[[Media:Oestrus ovis.mp4]]
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===[[Metastrongyloidae|''Protostrongylus'' spp.]]===
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*Adult worms block small [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchioles]] resulting in accumulation of eggs, larvae and cellular debri distal to the blockage
 +
*Lesions resemble [[Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology#Dictyocaulus filaria|''Dictyocaulus filaria'']] but are fewer in numbers, lobular and at periphery of caudal lobes, they are very similar to [[Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology#Muellerius capillaris|''Muellerius capillaris'']] lesions
 +
 
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===[[Metastrongyloidae|''Muellerius capillaris'']]===
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*Common in sheep and goats
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*Rarely any clinical significance
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*Grossly:
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**Multifocal [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial]] [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] grossly evident as firm "lead-shot" nodules throughout the parenchyma, often with enveloping granulomatous response
 +
**Early stages are reddish in colour, turning later to greyish green, may calcify
 +
**Mostly in dorsal region of caudal lung lobes
 +
*Histologically:
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**Damaged alveolar septa with mild fibrous thickening and lymphocytic infiltrate
 +
**In more developed host resistance, foci of eosinophils around larvae, hyperplastic epithelium, macrophages, giant cells
 +
**May be some calcification
 +
 
 +
===[[Trichostrongyloidea|''Dictyocaulus filaria'']]===
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 +
*Most susceptible when first exposed to contaminated pasture
 +
*Animals < 1 year old
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*Pathogenesis and pathology similar to [[Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology#Dictyocaulus viviparus|''Dictyocaulus viviparus'']] in cattle
 +
*[[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|Bronchitis]]
 +
 
 +
==In Pigs==
 +
 
 +
===[[Metastrongyloidae|''Metastrongylus'' spp.]]===
 +
 
 +
*Found in [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchioles and smaller bronchi]]
 +
*Grossly:
 +
**Small grey nodules, especially along ventral border of caudal lobes
 +
**Adult worms in bronchi and bronchioles
 +
*Histologically:
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**Catarrhal and eosinophilic bronchitis and bronchiolitis
 +
**Possibly [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|atelectasis]]
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*Rarely becomes extensive
 +
*May transmit [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Swine influenza|swine influenza]]
 +
 
 +
===[[Ascaris suum|''Ascaris suum'']]===
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 +
*May cause [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Verminous pneumonia|parasitic pneumonia]] during a part of its migration
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*Larvae may be infected with [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Swine influenza|Swine influenza]]
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*May cause severe pneumonia in calves housed where infected pigs were housed previously
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*Cause diffuse [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]] with haemorrhage, [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|atelectasis]], [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary oedema|interlobular oedema]] and [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Emphysema|emphysema]]

Revision as of 09:25, 1 July 2010

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WikiPathWikiPath Banner.png
()Map CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Map)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INFLAMMATION



In Dogs

Filaroides osleri

Linguatula serrata

Angiostrongylus vasorum

Dirofilaria immitis

Capillaria aerophila

Toxoplasmosis

Crenosoma vulpis

In Cats

Linguatula serrata

  • As in dogs above

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

Dirofilaria immitis

Capillaria aerophila

  • As in dogs above

In Horses

Parascaris equorum

Dictyocaulus arnfieldi

Besnoitia bennetti

In Cattle

Dictyocaulus viviparus

Hydatid cysts

Echinococcus cysts (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)
  • The intermediate stage of Echinococcus granulosus can be found in the lungs of many species, most commonly in lungs of cattle and sheep
  • They range in size up to 5-10 cm diameter and although of little clinical significance, are important as a zoonosis (can be upto football size in man) and because of carcass condemnation







Syngamus laryngeus

  • In larynx of cattle in Asia and South America

In Sheep

Hydatid cysts

As in cattle (above)

Oestrus ovis

Media:Oestrus ovis.mp4

Protostrongylus spp.

  • Adult worms block small bronchioles resulting in accumulation of eggs, larvae and cellular debri distal to the blockage
  • Lesions resemble Dictyocaulus filaria but are fewer in numbers, lobular and at periphery of caudal lobes, they are very similar to Muellerius capillaris lesions

Muellerius capillaris

  • Common in sheep and goats
  • Rarely any clinical significance
  • Grossly:
    • Multifocal interstitial pneumonia grossly evident as firm "lead-shot" nodules throughout the parenchyma, often with enveloping granulomatous response
    • Early stages are reddish in colour, turning later to greyish green, may calcify
    • Mostly in dorsal region of caudal lung lobes
  • Histologically:
    • Damaged alveolar septa with mild fibrous thickening and lymphocytic infiltrate
    • In more developed host resistance, foci of eosinophils around larvae, hyperplastic epithelium, macrophages, giant cells
    • May be some calcification

Dictyocaulus filaria

  • Most susceptible when first exposed to contaminated pasture
  • Animals < 1 year old
  • Pathogenesis and pathology similar to Dictyocaulus viviparus in cattle
  • Bronchitis

In Pigs

Metastrongylus spp.

  • Found in bronchioles and smaller bronchi
  • Grossly:
    • Small grey nodules, especially along ventral border of caudal lobes
    • Adult worms in bronchi and bronchioles
  • Histologically:
    • Catarrhal and eosinophilic bronchitis and bronchiolitis
    • Possibly atelectasis
  • Rarely becomes extensive
  • May transmit swine influenza

Ascaris suum

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