Difference between revisions of "Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis"
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− | Also known as: | + | |
+ | {| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" | ||
+ | | Also known as: | ||
+ | | '''Kennel Cough<br>''' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
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==Signalment== | ==Signalment== | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
− | + | ==History and Clinical Signs== | |
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+ | ==Laboratory Tests== | ||
+ | ==Radiography== | ||
+ | ==Endoscopy== | ||
+ | ==Pathology== | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
− | + | ==Prognosis== | |
− | + | ==References== | |
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− | + | *Synonyms: '''Kennel cough''', '''Infectious tracheobronchitis''' | |
+ | *[[Trachea Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of tracheitis|tracheitis]], [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchitis]] | ||
+ | *Multiple agents implicated: | ||
+ | **[[Canine Adenovirus 2]] | ||
+ | **[[Canine Parainfluenza - 2]] | ||
+ | **[[Canine Distemper Virus]] | ||
+ | **[[Bordetella bronchiseptica|''Bordetella bronchoseptica'']] | ||
+ | *Symptoms are of a persistent, non-productive cough | ||
+ | *Persistent tracheobronchial inflammation | ||
+ | *The outcomes is generally recovery (may persist >3 weeks), but extension to [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology|chronic bronchitis]] or cranioventral [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|bronchopneumonia]] may occur | ||
+ | *In severe cases can extend to serous/mucopurulent [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Rhinitis|rhinitis]] | ||
+ | *Lesions are neither specific nor always significant (catarrhal / mucopurulent tracheobronchitis) | ||
+ | *Enlarged tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes | ||
+ | *''B. bronchiseptica'' acts as a primary pathogen in Infectious canine tracheitis | ||
+ | *Frequently isolated from dogs with respiratory disease | ||
+ | *Often found with viruses or mycoplasma | ||
+ | *Adheres to ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea | ||
+ | *Colonisation and proliferation in trachea | ||
+ | *Releases toxins causing epithelial necrosis and prevents ciliary clearance | ||
+ | *Irritation to tract causes coughing | ||
+ | *Mortality rates low | ||
+ | *Peribronchial inflammation and [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]] | ||
+ | can result in unvaccinated puppies or immunosuppressed dogs | ||
+ | *Severe pneumonia following secondary infection e.g. with [[:Category:Streptococcus species|Streptococci]] | ||
+ | *Fatal [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]] if occurs secondary to [[Paramyxoviridae#Canine distemper virus|canine distemper virus]] | ||
+ | *Transmission via respiratory secretions by direct contact or aerosol and on fomites | ||
+ | *Clinical signs: | ||
+ | **Develop within 3-4 days; persist for up to 2 weeks | ||
+ | **Coughing | ||
+ | **Gagging | ||
+ | **Mild serous oculonasal discharge | ||
+ | *Treatments includes antibiotics if coughing persists or bronchopneumonia develops | ||
+ | *Live intranasal vaccines | ||
+ | *Also found in respiratory tract of cats; can cause pneumonia in kittens; vaccine available | ||
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− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Dog]] |
+ | [[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]] | ||
[[Category:Respiratory_Viral_Infections]] | [[Category:Respiratory_Viral_Infections]] | ||
[[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]] | [[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]] | ||
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Revision as of 21:07, 24 July 2010
This article is still under construction. |
Also known as: | Kennel Cough |
Description
Signalment
Diagnosis
History and Clinical Signs
Laboratory Tests
Radiography
Endoscopy
Pathology
Treatment
Prognosis
References
- Synonyms: Kennel cough, Infectious tracheobronchitis
- tracheitis, bronchitis
- Multiple agents implicated:
- Symptoms are of a persistent, non-productive cough
- Persistent tracheobronchial inflammation
- The outcomes is generally recovery (may persist >3 weeks), but extension to chronic bronchitis or cranioventral bronchopneumonia may occur
- In severe cases can extend to serous/mucopurulent rhinitis
- Lesions are neither specific nor always significant (catarrhal / mucopurulent tracheobronchitis)
- Enlarged tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes
- B. bronchiseptica acts as a primary pathogen in Infectious canine tracheitis
- Frequently isolated from dogs with respiratory disease
- Often found with viruses or mycoplasma
- Adheres to ciliated epithelial cells in the trachea
- Colonisation and proliferation in trachea
- Releases toxins causing epithelial necrosis and prevents ciliary clearance
- Irritation to tract causes coughing
- Mortality rates low
- Peribronchial inflammation and bronchopneumonia
can result in unvaccinated puppies or immunosuppressed dogs
- Severe pneumonia following secondary infection e.g. with Streptococci
- Fatal bronchopneumonia if occurs secondary to canine distemper virus
- Transmission via respiratory secretions by direct contact or aerosol and on fomites
- Clinical signs:
- Develop within 3-4 days; persist for up to 2 weeks
- Coughing
- Gagging
- Mild serous oculonasal discharge
- Treatments includes antibiotics if coughing persists or bronchopneumonia develops
- Live intranasal vaccines
- Also found in respiratory tract of cats; can cause pneumonia in kittens; vaccine available