Difference between revisions of "Adaptive Immunity to Bacteria"
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| + | ==Overview== | ||
| + | The adaptive and [[Innate Immune System|innate responses]] work together to destroy bacteria. The adaptive response ensures the [[Innate Immune System|innate response]] is carried out efficiently. There are two major branches of the adaptive immune response, humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. | ||
| − | + | ==Humoral== | |
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*[[Complement|Complement]] activation of the classical pathway | *[[Complement|Complement]] activation of the classical pathway | ||
Revision as of 11:10, 6 September 2010
Overview
The adaptive and innate responses work together to destroy bacteria. The adaptive response ensures the innate response is carried out efficiently. There are two major branches of the adaptive immune response, humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity.
Humoral
- Complement activation of the classical pathway
Cell-Mediated
- Help for macrophages
- IgG production (T-helper type II cells and B cells) which improves phagocytosis by opsonisation
- Infected macrophages are rescued by T-helper type I cells when phagocytosis and digestion mechanisms fail to eliminate the pathogen
Extracellular Infection
- Complement and phagocytosis
- B cell and T helper type II cell stimulation
- Production of IgM which activates the classical cascade
- Class switching of IgM to IgG which is a good opsonin and targets bacterial Fcγ receptor expressed by macrophages and neutrophils
Vesicular Infection
- The infected macrophage secretes IL-12
- IL-12 stimulates T-helper type I cells which release IFN-γ
- IFN-γ triggers the macrophages to kill the pathogens inside
Also see Immunity to Bacteria