Difference between revisions of "Avian Vent and Cloaca - Anatomy & Physiology"
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− | + | ==Introduction== | |
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+ | The hindgut of the avian digestive system terminates in the cloaca. The external opening through which faecal matter and uric acid is excreted is called the vent. The shape of the vent varies depending on species. | ||
+ | [[Image:Avian Cloaca Diagram.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Avian Cloaca Diagram - Copyright RVC 2008]] | ||
==The Cloaca== | ==The Cloaca== | ||
− | + | *[[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|Colon]], [[Ureters - Anatomy & Physiology|ureters]] and deferent ducts/left [[Exotics - Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System & Physiology of Egg Formation - Anatomy & Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]] enter at various levels | |
− | + | *Divided into coprodeum, urodeum and proctodeum by complete annular folds | |
− | + | *Some urinary excretions arriving in the cloaca become incorporated with the ingesta and move in a retrograde fashion to the [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caeca]], increasing the absorption of water and electrolytes from the urinary waste | |
− | + | *The coprodeum is the most cranial division of the cloaca | |
+ | **Continuation of the colon where faeces are stored | ||
+ | **Bounded by the coprourodeal fold | ||
+ | **Can be stretched by the faecal pressure so the central opening is everted through the vent | ||
− | The | + | *The urodeum is the middle part of the cloaca |
+ | **Caudal to the proctodeum fold | ||
+ | **Uteric opening in dorsolateral wall above the papilla of the deferent duct/[[Exotics - Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System & Physiology of Egg Formation - Anatomy & Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]] opening | ||
+ | [[Image:Bursa of Fabricus.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Bursa of Fabricus - Copyright Nottingham 2008]] | ||
+ | *The proctodeum is the caudal segment | ||
+ | **Short | ||
+ | **Ends at the vent | ||
+ | **Opening in the dorsal wall leads to the cloacal bursa of Fabricus | ||
==The Vent== | ==The Vent== | ||
− | + | *Horizontal slit | |
− | + | *[[Exotics - Reproductive Tract Anatomy- Anatomy & Physiology#Phallus|Phallus]] of males on internal surface of the ventral lip | |
− | + | *During insemination the vent is inverted | |
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+ | ==[[Avian Vent and Cloaca - Histology|Histology]]== | ||
==Species Differences== | ==Species Differences== | ||
− | + | *Galliformes (turkeys and chickens) can move urates from the urinary tract into the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] and [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caeca]] where ammonia is released for protein synthesis | |
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+ | *Small memebrane coveres the opening of the [[Exotics - Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System & Physiology of Egg Formation - Anatomy & Physiology#Oviduct|oviduct]] into the cloaca in ducks, geese and swans until sexual maturity | ||
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+ | ==Test yourself with the Avian Alimentary Tract flashcards== | ||
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+ | [[The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards|Avian Alimentary Tract Flashcards]] | ||
==Links== | ==Links== | ||
− | + | [[Bursa of Fabricius - Anatomy & Physiology|Bursa of Fabricus]] | |
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[[Category:Avian Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | [[Category:Avian Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | ||
− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:To Do - A&P]] |
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Revision as of 13:47, 9 September 2010
Introduction
The hindgut of the avian digestive system terminates in the cloaca. The external opening through which faecal matter and uric acid is excreted is called the vent. The shape of the vent varies depending on species.
The Cloaca
- Divided into coprodeum, urodeum and proctodeum by complete annular folds
- Some urinary excretions arriving in the cloaca become incorporated with the ingesta and move in a retrograde fashion to the caeca, increasing the absorption of water and electrolytes from the urinary waste
- The coprodeum is the most cranial division of the cloaca
- Continuation of the colon where faeces are stored
- Bounded by the coprourodeal fold
- Can be stretched by the faecal pressure so the central opening is everted through the vent
- The urodeum is the middle part of the cloaca
- Caudal to the proctodeum fold
- Uteric opening in dorsolateral wall above the papilla of the deferent duct/oviduct opening
- The proctodeum is the caudal segment
- Short
- Ends at the vent
- Opening in the dorsal wall leads to the cloacal bursa of Fabricus
The Vent
- Horizontal slit
- Phallus of males on internal surface of the ventral lip
- During insemination the vent is inverted
Histology
Species Differences
- Galliformes (turkeys and chickens) can move urates from the urinary tract into the colon and caeca where ammonia is released for protein synthesis
- Small memebrane coveres the opening of the oviduct into the cloaca in ducks, geese and swans until sexual maturity
Test yourself with the Avian Alimentary Tract flashcards
Avian Alimentary Tract Flashcards