Changes

**Lesion is caudal to nasal septum eg: pharyngeal lesion; LRT lesion in [[Hindgut Fermenters - Horse - Anatomy & Physiology|horses]]  

**Lesion is caudal to nasal septum eg: pharyngeal lesion; LRT lesion in [[Hindgut Fermenters - Horse - Anatomy & Physiology|horses]]  

**Lesion has resulted in nasal septum destruction

**Lesion has resulted in nasal septum destruction

***[[Nasal cavity - hyperplastic and neoplastic|Neoplasia]]

***[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Neoplasia]]

***[[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology|Fungal infection]]

***[[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology|Fungal infection]]

*Unilateral discharge:

*Unilateral discharge:

===Facial swelling===

===Facial swelling===

*[[Nasal cavity|Nasal]]

*[[Nasal Cavity - Pathology|Nasal]]

*[[Nasopharynx - Pathology|Pharyngeal]]

*[[Nasopharynx - Pathology|Pharyngeal]]

*May originate from nasopharynx or lower respiratory tract  

*May originate from nasopharynx or lower respiratory tract  

*Causes

*Causes

**Inflammation eg: [[Nasal cavity - inflammatory|ulcerative rhinitis]]

**Inflammation eg: [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology|ulcerative rhinitis]]

**Neoplasia eg: [[Nasal cavity - hyperplastic and neoplastic|infiltrating tumour]], haemangioma

**Neoplasia eg: [[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|infiltrating tumour]], haemangioma

**Trauma  

**Trauma  

**Clotting defects

**Clotting defects

*'''Horse''':

*'''Horse''':

**[[Nasal cavity - inflammatory#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Nasal aspergillosis]]

**[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Nasal aspergillosis]]

**[[Nasal cavity - hyperplastic and neoplastic#Progressive ethmoidal haematoma|Ethmoidal haematoma]] = 'Haemorrhagic nasal polyp', 'Progressive haematoma' - arise from the ethmoid region and can extend to fill the nasal cavity. They can be difficult to control as they can recur after surgery.  

**[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Progressive ethmoidal haematoma|Ethmoidal haematoma]] = 'Haemorrhagic nasal polyp', 'Progressive haematoma' - arise from the ethmoid region and can extend to fill the nasal cavity. They can be difficult to control as they can recur after surgery.  

***Histology - multiple areas of acute to chronic haemorrhage within a fibrous tissue stroma.

***Histology - multiple areas of acute to chronic haemorrhage within a fibrous tissue stroma.

**[[Lungs - circulatory#Pulmonary haemorrhage|Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage]]

**[[Lungs - circulatory#Pulmonary haemorrhage|Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage]]

**Nasal/pharyngeal trauma/foreign body

**Nasal/pharyngeal trauma/foreign body

**[[Paranasal Sinuses Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Sinus neoplasia]]

**[[Paranasal Sinuses Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Sinus neoplasia]]

**[[Nasal cavity - hyperplastic and neoplastic#Nasal and paranasal sinus cysts|Sinus cyst]]

**[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Nasal and paranasal sinus cysts|Sinus cyst]]

**[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|Sinusitis]]

**[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|Sinusitis]]

**Lower airway disease

**Lower airway disease