Difference between revisions of "Viral skin infections - Pathology"
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*Also called '''contagious pustular dermatitis, orf, sore mouth''' | *Also called '''contagious pustular dermatitis, orf, sore mouth''' | ||
| − | *Caused by a [[ | + | *Caused by a [[Poxviridae|parapox virus]] |
*Affects mainly young sheep, less commonly cattle, humans, dogs | *Affects mainly young sheep, less commonly cattle, humans, dogs | ||
*Starts in abrasions around mouth commisures and spreads to [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], oral mucosa, eyelids and feet | *Starts in abrasions around mouth commisures and spreads to [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], oral mucosa, eyelids and feet | ||
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*Lesions typical of poxvirus but very brief vesicle stage | *Lesions typical of poxvirus but very brief vesicle stage | ||
*Most obvious is the proliferative pustular stage | *Most obvious is the proliferative pustular stage | ||
| − | |||
===Other viruses=== | ===Other viruses=== | ||
Revision as of 17:45, 30 October 2008
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Herpesviruses
- Cutaneous lesions may develop with nondermatotropic viruses:
- Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (bovine herpes virus - 1)
- Equine coital exanthema (equine herpes virus - 3)
- Feline herpes virus -1 (rarely)
- Dermatotropic viruses:
- Bovine herpes virus - 2 = Bovine herpes mammillitis virus
- May cause generalised disease - pseudolumpy skin
- Localised disease - bovine herpes mammillitis
- Mostly in lactating cows
- Skin trauma is essential for virus invasion
- Decreased milk production and secondary bacterial mastitis
- Lesion occur on teats, udder, sometimes perineum, on muzzle of suckling calves
- Bovine herpes virus - 4 = Bovine herpes mammary pustular dermatitis
- Similar to localised BHV-2 but milder disease
- Bovine herpes virus - 2 = Bovine herpes mammillitis virus
- May be latent and reappear at times of stress
- Grossly:
- Microscopically:
- Intraepidermal vesicle
- Epidermal cell degeneration
- Acantholysis
- Syncytial cells may form
- Intracellular inclusion bodies may be found at edges of ulcers
- Rapid necrosis
Poxviruses
- Lesion development:
- Due to viral invasion of epithelium
- Vascular injury -> ischaemic necrosis
- Stimulation of host DNA -> hyperplastic nodules
- Cutaneous lesions:
Contagious ecthyma
- Also called contagious pustular dermatitis, orf, sore mouth
- Caused by a parapox virus
- Affects mainly young sheep, less commonly cattle, humans, dogs
- Starts in abrasions around mouth commisures and spreads to lips, oral mucosa, eyelids and feet
- May also transfer to teats of the mother of an affected lamb
- Lesions typical of poxvirus but very brief vesicle stage
- Most obvious is the proliferative pustular stage
Other viruses
- Cutaneous lesion are seen with:
- Picornaviridae
- Rhabdoviridae
- Vesicular stomatitis
- Caliciviridae
- Vesicular exanthema
- Retroviridae
- Feline leukemia virus
- Cutaneous horns on foot pads
- Epidermal and follicular epithelial hyperplasia, epidermal giant cells, dyskeratosis, necrosis, ulceration
- Feline immunodeficiency virus
- Feline leukemia virus