| Question | Answer | Article | |
| Liver lesions are common because: | Liver is an area of high metabolic activity Receives toxic agents from the gut via the portal blood system Has an extensive vascular supply (prime site for metastatic disease) |
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In each type of jaundice, will bilirubinuria be detected?
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Haemolytic NO - because most of bilirubin is unconjugated Obstructive YES - because conjugated bilirubin accumulates Hepatocellular NO - because bilirubin fails to conjugate due to liver cell damage NB - the kidney can only excrete the water soluble conjugate |
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| In regard to secondary photosensitisation, what are two hepatotoxic plants? | Senecio jacobea (Ragwort) Lantana camara (Lantana) Lupinus angustifolius (Lupins) Blue-green algae |
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| What are two causes of necrosis? | Severe metabolic disturbances Nutritional deficiencies Toxic substances Actions of micro-organisms |
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| What can cause the liver to appear greenish-blue post mortem? | Bacteria degrade blood pigment to hydrogen sulfide
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| True or false?
Cranial displacements of the liver are the most common. |
False
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| What occurs during congestion? | The right side of the heart fails to function properly and blood will back up through the veins into the liver.
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| True or false?
Congenital melanosis in calves and lambs appears as white discoloration of small irregular portions of the liver. |
False
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| Hepatic lipidosis or fatty liver syndrome is associated with? | Dietary factors: obesity and starvation Increased demand for energy: pregnancy, lactation, and starvation in physiological states Diabetes mellitus, ketosis, and pregnancy toxaemia in pathological conditions Abnormal hepatocytic function: prevents fatty acids from forming complexes with proteins to form low density lipoproteins for secretion into the blood |
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| What could be a non-pathological reason for a cow displaying fatty liver syndrome during necropsy? | It is possible to show fat infiltration of liver in cows which have not been eating for several days.
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| True or false?
Equine hyperlipidemia or fat pony syndrome is similar to that in cats, as well as fatal within a week. |
True
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| What causes Lysosomal storage disease and how does it manifest itself? | Due to an inherited deficiency of lysosomal enzymes Manifest themselves as neurological disease |
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| Herpes virus infections include: | Equine Viral Rhinopneumonitis Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Feline Viral Rhinopneumonitis Aujesky's disease in pigs |
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| You are examining a cow's liver at necropsy. You notice the liver has several small areas of necrosis. Is this more likely to be Black Disease or Red Water Disease? | Black Disease
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| What are the two main types of hepatitis in cats? | Cholangitis Lymphocytic portal hepatitis |
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| True or false?
Use of carbon tetrachloride as an anthelmintic and phosphorous as a rodenticide has never been proven to produce liver necrosis. |
False
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| Pyrrolizidine alkaloids have an anti-mitotic effect whilst allowing continued synthesis within the cell and its nucleus. This causes a marked increase in the size of parenchymal cells, a phenomenon termed - | (Hepato)megalocytosis
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| Haemangiosarcoma can be primary in the liver, what are other predilection sites? | Spleen Right auricle of the heart |
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| True or false?
Chronic lymphocytic cholangitis generally afflicts only very young cats. |
False
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| What are two causes of cholangitis of the liver? | Ascending infections from the intestine Associated with organisms excreted via the bile |
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