Difference between revisions of "Glasser's Disease"

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==Description==
 
==Description==
 
'''Glasser's disease''' is caused by the bacteria ''[[Haemophilus parasuis]]''.  
 
'''Glasser's disease''' is caused by the bacteria ''[[Haemophilus parasuis]]''.  
It is a systemic condition affecting pigs characterised by polyserositis, arthritis and meningitis. It is rapidly fatal in the acute form, in some cases animals die before the development of lesions.
+
It is a systemic condition affecting young pigs characterised by polyserositis, arthritis and meningitis. It is rapidly fatal in the acute form, in some cases animals die before the development of lesions. In older pigs bronchitis and other symdromes may also occur.  
  
 
==Signalment==
 
==Signalment==
The disease usually affects weanlings '''6-10 weeks old''' when maternal antibodies wane but it can affect pigs of any age, particularly naive pigs introduced into a herd or through exposure to a strain to which there is little immunity.
+
The disease usually affects weanlings '''6-10 weeks old''' when maternal antibodies wane but it can affect pigs of any age, particularly naive pigs introduced into a herd or through exposure to a strain to which there is little immunity. The stress of mixing, weaning and adverse environmental conditions are predisposing factors.
  
 
The disease occurs '''worldwide''', it is endemic in most herds but incidence of clinical disease in the UK is sporadic due to widespread acquired resistance. Increased prevelance hgas been associated with [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome|PRRS]], [[Porcine Circoviruses|Circovirus]] and [[Swine Influenza|Swine Influenza.]]  
 
The disease occurs '''worldwide''', it is endemic in most herds but incidence of clinical disease in the UK is sporadic due to widespread acquired resistance. Increased prevelance hgas been associated with [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome|PRRS]], [[Porcine Circoviruses|Circovirus]] and [[Swine Influenza|Swine Influenza.]]  
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*Sudden death
 
*Sudden death
  
Clinical signs develop rapidly, the disease is often fatal within 2-5 days. The skin becomes discoloured, turning red to blue before death. Expressed lesions vary between animals - meningitis is most consistent, arthritis in 20% of cases
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Clinical signs develop rapidly, the disease is often fatal within 2-5 days. The skin becomes discoloured, turning red to blue before death. Expressed lesions vary between animals.
  
 +
Survivors or those affected by the chronic form of the disease show less severe clinical signs of weight loss and depression, they become lame with arthritis, develop congestive heart failure, pericarditis or intestinal obstruction due to formation of adhesions. Pregnant sows may abort their fetuses.   
  
Survivors or those affected by the chronic form of the disease become lame with arthritis, develop congestive heart failure, pericarditis or intestinal obstruction due to formation of adhesions. 
+
===Pathology===
 +
*May cause suppurative [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] and [[Pleural Cavity & Membranes Inflammatory - Pathology|pleuritis]] (as part of polyserositis)
  
===Pathology===
 
  
 +
Septicaemia
 +
Acute inflammation affecting pleura, peritoneum, mediastinum, pericardium, joints and meninges
 +
Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, [[Peritonitis|peritonitis]], pleurisy and meningitis
 +
Also causes suppurative [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Glasser's disease|bronchopneumonia, pleuritis]],  [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology#In Pigs|polyarthritis]] (also ''H. suis)
 +
 +
Fever, general malaise, repsiratory and abdominal signs, lameness, paralysis or convulsions.
 +
Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors
 +
Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection e.g. swine influenza
  
 
==Treatment==
 
==Treatment==
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==References==
 
==References==
 
*May cause suppurative [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] and [[Pleural Cavity & Membranes Inflammatory - Pathology|pleuritis]] (as part of polyserositis)
 
*Stress of mixing, weaning and adverse environmental conditions are predisposing to the disease
 
 
**Septicaemia
 
**Acute inflammation affecting pleura, peritoneum, mediastinum, pericardium, joints and meninges
 
**Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, [[Peritonitis|peritonitis]], pleurisy and meningitis
 
**Also causes suppurative [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Glasser's disease|bronchopneumonia, pleuritis]],  [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology#In Pigs|polyarthritis]] (also ''H. suis)
 
 
**Fever, general malaise, repsiratory and abdominal signs, lameness, paralysis or convulsions.
 
 
  
  
**Chronic arthritis, meningitis and intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in some surviving pigs
 
**Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors
 
*Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection e.g. swine influenza
 
  
 
[[Category:Pig]]
 
[[Category:Pig]]

Revision as of 11:39, 27 July 2010



Description

Glasser's disease is caused by the bacteria Haemophilus parasuis. It is a systemic condition affecting young pigs characterised by polyserositis, arthritis and meningitis. It is rapidly fatal in the acute form, in some cases animals die before the development of lesions. In older pigs bronchitis and other symdromes may also occur.

Signalment

The disease usually affects weanlings 6-10 weeks old when maternal antibodies wane but it can affect pigs of any age, particularly naive pigs introduced into a herd or through exposure to a strain to which there is little immunity. The stress of mixing, weaning and adverse environmental conditions are predisposing factors.

The disease occurs worldwide, it is endemic in most herds but incidence of clinical disease in the UK is sporadic due to widespread acquired resistance. Increased prevelance hgas been associated with PRRS, Circovirus and Swine Influenza. Mortality is high when there is no immunity, for example outbreaks in specific pathogen-free herds.

Diagnosis

Clinical signs

  • Pyrexia
  • Dyspneoa with abdominal effort
  • Anorexia
  • Cough
  • Swollen joints and arthritis
  • CNS signs, Trembling and paddling
  • Sudden death

Clinical signs develop rapidly, the disease is often fatal within 2-5 days. The skin becomes discoloured, turning red to blue before death. Expressed lesions vary between animals.

Survivors or those affected by the chronic form of the disease show less severe clinical signs of weight loss and depression, they become lame with arthritis, develop congestive heart failure, pericarditis or intestinal obstruction due to formation of adhesions. Pregnant sows may abort their fetuses.

Pathology


Septicaemia Acute inflammation affecting pleura, peritoneum, mediastinum, pericardium, joints and meninges Causes a polyserositis - pericarditis, peritonitis, pleurisy and meningitis Also causes suppurative bronchopneumonia, pleuritis, polyarthritis (also H. suis)

Fever, general malaise, repsiratory and abdominal signs, lameness, paralysis or convulsions. Due to transport, environmental stresses, dietary and managemental factors Fibrinous pneumonia secondary to enzootic pneumonia or virus infection e.g. swine influenza

Treatment

Prognosis

References

Also known as: b