Difference between revisions of "Soft Palate"
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==Musculature and Innervation== | ==Musculature and Innervation== | ||
| − | *Sensation and taste from glossopharyngeal ([[ | + | *Sensation and taste from glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) |
*Palatine muscle | *Palatine muscle | ||
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**Insertion: soft palate | **Insertion: soft palate | ||
**Shortens palate | **Shortens palate | ||
| − | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[ | + | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[NervousCranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) |
| − | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous | + | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Nervous Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) |
*Tensor velli palatini | *Tensor velli palatini | ||
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**Insertion: lateral aponeurosis | **Insertion: lateral aponeurosis | ||
**Pharyngeal arch 1 | **Pharyngeal arch 1 | ||
| − | **Mandibular of trigeminal ([[ | + | **Mandibular of trigeminal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V3]]) |
**Tenses soft palate | **Tenses soft palate | ||
[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Soft palate - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]] | [[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Soft palate - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]] | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
**Insertion: lateral aponeurosis | **Insertion: lateral aponeurosis | ||
**Raises soft palate | **Raises soft palate | ||
| − | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[ | + | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) |
| − | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[ | + | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) |
*Palatopharyngeus | *Palatopharyngeus | ||
**closes palatopharyngeal arch and therefore lift soft palate | **closes palatopharyngeal arch and therefore lift soft palate | ||
| − | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[ | + | **Major innervation from vagus nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) |
| − | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[ | + | **Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) |
==Histology== | ==Histology== | ||
Revision as of 15:49, 14 August 2009
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Introduction
The soft palate (velum palatine) is located caudally to the hard palate. It is comprised of muscle and is involved in tasting food and in deglutition.
Structure and Function
- Muscle
- Contacts epiglottis caudally
- Very folded mucosa
- Striated palatine muscle
Musculature and Innervation
- Sensation and taste from glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
- Palatine muscle
- Tensor velli palatini
- Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone
- Insertion: lateral aponeurosis
- Pharyngeal arch 1
- Mandibular of trigeminal (CN V3)
- Tenses soft palate
- Levator velli palatini
- Origin: near tympanic bulla on temporal bone
- Insertion: lateral aponeurosis
- Raises soft palate
- Major innervation from vagus nerve (CN X)
- Minor from glossopgaryngeal nerve (CN IX)
- Palatopharyngeus
Histology
- Respiratory mucosa - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium on aboral surface
- Stratified squamous epithelium on oral surface
- Palatine salivary glands
Species Differences
Porcine
- Soft palate does not contact the epiglottis as the porcine soft palate is raised higher in the oral cavity than in other species
Equine
- Tight laryngeal cuff around the laryngeal entrance therefore the soft palate cannot be raised for long periods of time and thus horses are nasal breathers
- Laryngeal cuffing prevents vomiting
Canine
- As brachiocephalic breeds have a shortened skull length, the soft palate often obstruct air flow into the larynx causing breathing difficulties
Avian
- Birds lack a soft palate