Systemic Mycoses - Flashcards

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SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS


Adiaspiromycosis

Question Answer Article
What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection? Link to Article
Which animals are mostly affected? Link to Article



Aspergillosis

Question Answer Article
Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections:


Aspergiollosis is found _____. It is widely present in _____ and can colonise a _____ range of substrates under _____ environmental conditions. It is abundant in ______ and ______ which have ______ during storage.

Link to Article
What are the clinical signs of infection in birds? Link to Article
What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle? Link to Article
What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses? Link to Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar? Link to Article
How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis? Link to Article



Blastomycosis

<FlashCard questions="6"> |q1=Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection? |a1=

  • Respiratory infection
  • Lesions start in the lungs
  • Haematogenous dissemination
  • Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia
  • Fatal if not treated
  • Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules

|l1=Blastomycosis |q2=What do colonies look like on Blood agar? |a2=

  • Cream coloured
  • Waxy
  • Crinkled

|l2=Blastomycosis |q3=What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar? |a3=

  • Grey coloured
  • Moist
  • White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black

|l3=Blastomycosis |q4=How would you diagnose an infection? |a4=

  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • ELISA
  • Counterimmunoelectrophoresis

|l4=Blastomycosis |q5=How would you treat an infection? |a5=

  • Amphotericin B
  • Imidazoles

|l5=Blastomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis

Question Answer Article
What environmental conditions does Coccidioides immitis prefer?
  • Arid
  • Dusty
  • E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA
Link to Answer Article
Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?
  • Respiratory infection
  • Causes localised nodules and granulomas
  • Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs
  • Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones
Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Latex agglutination
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure
Link to Answer Article


Entomophthoromycisus

Question Answer Article
What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?
  • Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue
  • Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Surgical excision
  • Amphotericin B
  • Ketoconazole
Link to Answer Article


Histoplasmosis

Question Answer Article
True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores
  • False
  • Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory
Link to Answer Article
Which organs/bodily systems are affected?
  • Reticuloendothelial
  • Pulmonary
  • Intestinal
Link to Answer Article
Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?
  • Macrophages
Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Amphotericin B
  • If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given
  • In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor
Link to Answer Article


Zygomycosis

Question Answer Article
Which fungi cause zygomycosis?
  • Mucor
  • Absidia
  • Rhizopus
  • Mortierella
Link to Answer Article
Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?
  • Infection is through inhalation and ingestion
  • Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected
  • Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous
  • Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers
  • Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)
  • Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate
Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in pigs?
  • Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes
  • Stomach ulcers
  • Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver
Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in cattle?
  • Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes
  • Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum
  • Can contaminate the placenta
Link to Answer Article
True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants
  • True
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection
  • Amphotericin B
  • Surgical excision
Link to Answer Article