Difference between revisions of "Respiratory Viral Infections"

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{{review}}
  
#REDIRECT[[:Category:Respiratory Viral Infections]]
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|backcolour = D1EEEE
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|linkpage =Cardiorespiratory System - Pathology
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|linktext =Cardiorespiratory System
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|maplink = Cardiorespiratory System (Content Map) - Pathology
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|pagetype =Pathology
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|sublink1=Respiratory System Inflammation - Pathology
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|subtext1=RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INFLAMMATION
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}}
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<br>
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==In general==
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*Some viruses are thought to induce modifications of the pulmonary defences by:
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**Damaging the upper respiratory tract, thereby facilitating bacterial attachment and colonisation, with reduced [[Respiratory System General Introduction - Pathology#Mucociliary escalator|mucociliary clearance]]
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**Decreasing surfactant levels by destroying Type 2 pneu[[Monocytes|monocytes]]
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**Impairing the phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages
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==In Dogs==
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[[Canine Distemper Virus]]
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[[Canine Parainfluenza - 2]]
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[[Infectious Canine Tracheitis|Infectious canine tracheitis]]
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[[Canine Adenovirus 1]]
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[[Canine Adenovirus 2]]
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[[Canine Herpesvirus 1]]
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[[Canine Respiratory Coronavirus]]
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==In Cats==
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===[[Feline Herpesvirus 1|Feline viral rhinotracheitis]]===
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===[[Feline Calicivirus]]===
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==In Horses==
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[[Image:Equine respiratory viruses concept map.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Equine respiratory viruses Concept Map (Courtesy of B. Stanikova)</center></small>]]
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===[[Equine rhinovirus]]===
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===[[Equine Influenza|Equine influenza]]===
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===[[Equine Rhinopneumonitis]] ===
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===[[Equine Viral Arteritis]]===
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===[[Equine Adenovirus]]===
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===[[African Horse Sickness]]===
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===[[Hendra Virus]]===
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==In Cattle==
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===[[Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis|Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)]]===
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===[[Bovine Parainfluenza - 3]]===
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===[[Bovine adenovirus]]===
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===[[Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus]]===
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===[[Bovine rhinovirus]]===
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==In Sheep==
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===[[Maedi - Visna]]===
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===Parainfluenza -3===
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*As in [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Parainfluenza- 3|cattle]]
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===[[Sheep Pulmonary Adenomatosis]]===
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==In Goats==
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[[Caprine Arthrirtis Encephalitis Virus]]
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==In Pigs==
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[[Porcine Cytomegalovirus]]
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===[[Swine Influenza|Swine influenza]]===
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===Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome===
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*The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new [[Arteriviridae|Arteriviridae]] group
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*Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces)
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*Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis
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*Moderate to severe interstitial [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] in the cranial lobe
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*Superimposed bacterial infections are common
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*Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago
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*Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries
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===Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)===
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*Caused by a [[Circoviridae|porcine circovirus]] alone or in combination with [[Parvoviridae|porcine parvovirus]]
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*May cause mild [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]], failure of lungs to collpse on opening the thoracic cavity
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*Microscopically: thickening of alveolar wall due to type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia
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===[[Porcine respiratory coronavirus]]===

Revision as of 12:16, 30 June 2010


WikiPathWikiPath Banner.png
()Map CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Map)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INFLAMMATION



In general

  • Some viruses are thought to induce modifications of the pulmonary defences by:
    • Damaging the upper respiratory tract, thereby facilitating bacterial attachment and colonisation, with reduced mucociliary clearance
    • Decreasing surfactant levels by destroying Type 2 pneumonocytes
    • Impairing the phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages


In Dogs

Canine Distemper Virus

Canine Parainfluenza - 2

Infectious canine tracheitis

Canine Adenovirus 1

Canine Adenovirus 2

Canine Herpesvirus 1

Canine Respiratory Coronavirus

In Cats

Feline viral rhinotracheitis

Feline Calicivirus

In Horses

Equine respiratory viruses Concept Map (Courtesy of B. Stanikova)

Equine rhinovirus

Equine influenza

Equine Rhinopneumonitis

Equine Viral Arteritis

Equine Adenovirus

African Horse Sickness

Hendra Virus

In Cattle

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)

Bovine Parainfluenza - 3

Bovine adenovirus

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Bovine rhinovirus

In Sheep

Maedi - Visna

Parainfluenza -3


Sheep Pulmonary Adenomatosis

In Goats

Caprine Arthrirtis Encephalitis Virus


In Pigs

Porcine Cytomegalovirus


Swine influenza

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

  • The syndrome is caused by a small enveloped RNA virus which belongs to the new Arteriviridae group
  • Replicates in and destroys macrophages and endothelial cells causing vasculitis -> viraemia -> virus shedding (nasal secretions, faeces)
  • Clinical signs: respiratory and reproductive failure, weaned pigs, tachypnoea, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis
  • Moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia in the cranial lobe
  • Superimposed bacterial infections are common
  • Infectious disease in swine that emerged 10 years ago
  • Today, PRRS is endemic in many if not all the pig-producing countries


Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)


Porcine respiratory coronavirus