Difference between revisions of "Lizard Blood Values"
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− | Baseline [[Lizard and Snake Haemotology|haematology]] and [[Lizard and Snake Biochemistry|biochemistry]] values of 'normals' must be established per patient and per laboratory. It is very useful to establish normals for individual patients at the time of regular health checks before | + | ==Introduction== |
+ | Baseline [[Lizard and Snake Haemotology|haematology]] and [[Lizard and Snake Biochemistry|biochemistry]] values of 'normals' must be established per patient and per laboratory. It is very useful to establish normals for individual patients at the time of regular health checks before an animal is presented in ill health. Values may vary depending on season, breeding condition and diet. The following values have been taken from various sources and reflect the laboratory methods as well as the individual species. Caution is advised when using these values for the interpretation of your own patients' blood results. | ||
+ | |||
==Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the [[Green Iguana|green iguana]] (''Iguana iguana'')== | ==Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the [[Green Iguana|green iguana]] (''Iguana iguana'')== | ||
− | Ten wild caught iguanas were blood sampled as part of a health assessment prior to introduction to an existing group. The iguanas were manually restrained by holding the forelimbs laterally against their chest and the hindlimbs against the tail. Blood was [[Lizard Blood Collection|collected]] from the ventral tail vein and placed in lithium heparin. A fresh blood smear was made at the time of collection. Urea, [[Creatinine|creatinine]] and [[Lactate dehydrogenase|LDH]] were considered poor diagnostic parameters. | + | Ten wild caught iguanas were blood sampled as part of a health assessment prior to introduction to an existing group. The iguanas were manually restrained by holding the forelimbs laterally against their chest and the hindlimbs against the tail. Blood was [[Lizard Blood Collection|collected]] from the ventral tail vein and placed in lithium heparin. A fresh blood smear was made at the time of collection. Urea, [[Creatinine in lizards|creatinine]] and [[Lactate dehydrogenase - Reptiles|LDH]] were considered poor diagnostic parameters. |
Line 17: | Line 19: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Total RBC count (x 10^12/l) | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Total RBC count (x 10^12/l) | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.0-1.9 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.0-1.9 | ||
+ | |||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Total protein (g/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 50-78 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 50-78 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 24: | Line 27: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.25-0.38 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.25-0.38 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Albumin (g/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 21-28 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 21-28 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 36: | Line 39: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 165-305 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 165-305 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Uric acid (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 70-140 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 70-140 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 48: | Line 51: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 20-38 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 20-38 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| ALT (iu/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 5-68 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 5-68 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 57: | Line 60: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 5-52 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 5-52 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Heterophils (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.35-5.2 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.35-5.2 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
+ | |||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| GGT (iu/l) | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| GGT (iu/l) | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0-3 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0-3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Azurophils (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-1.7 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-1.7 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
Line 69: | Line 73: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 2.7-8.6 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 2.7-8.6 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Lymphocytes (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.5-5.5 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.5-5.5 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
Line 75: | Line 79: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.6-7.8 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.6-7.8 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Eosinophils (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.3 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.3 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Glucose (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 9.4-16.0 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 9.4-16.0 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Monocytes (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.1 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.1 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Calcium (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 2.2-3.5 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 2.2-3.5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Basophils (x 10^9/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.5 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.0-0.5 | ||
|bgcolor="#66FF99"| | |bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| Phosphorus (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.5-3.0 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.5-3.0 | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | + | ||
+ | References | ||
*Divers, S. (1996). Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the green iguana. British Veterinary Zoological Society, Summer newsletter 1996:5-6. | *Divers, S. (1996). Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the green iguana. British Veterinary Zoological Society, Summer newsletter 1996:5-6. | ||
Line 140: | Line 145: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 28 (17-56) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 28 (17-56) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 14-16 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 14-16 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|- | |- | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| WBC (x 10^9/l) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| WBC (x 10^9/l) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 12.4 (3.9-22.4) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 12.4 (3.9-22.4) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9 (4.3-15.0) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9 (4.3-15.0) | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Heterophils (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 37 (16-58) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 37 (16-58) | ||
+ | |||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5-55 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5-55 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Azurophils (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22 (8-42) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22 (8-42) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Lymphocytes (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22 (2-40) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22 (2-40) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35-55 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35-55 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Eosinophils (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4(0-18) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4(0-18) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Monocytes (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.6 (0-6) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.6 (0-6) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <4 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <4 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Basophils (%) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 15 (4-26) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 15 (4-26) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| rare | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| rare | ||
Line 187: | Line 193: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| ALT (iu/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35-90 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35-90 | ||
Line 202: | Line 208: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 179 (34-400) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 179 (34-400) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Bilirubin total (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.4-1.0 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.4-1.0 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| BUN (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6-15 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6-15 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2 (1-5) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2 (1-5) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Calcium (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 13 (11-21) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 13 (11-21) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9-13 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9-13 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11 (8-30) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11 (8-30) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Chloride (mEq/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 124 (123-129) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 124 (123-129) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 102-125 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 102-125 | ||
Line 227: | Line 233: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 243 (100-399) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 243 (100-399) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Creatine kinase (iu/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 210 (27-940) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 210 (27-940) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 90-300 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 90-300 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4500 (700-14.240) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4500 (700-14.240) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Creatinine (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.1-0.7 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.1-0.7 | ||
Line 242: | Line 248: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Glucose (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 100 (70-122) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 100 (70-122) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 197-280 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 197-280 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 355 (255-575) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 355 (255-575) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| LDH (iu/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 150-400 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 150-400 | ||
Line 257: | Line 263: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Phosphorus (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.7 (2.8-6.7) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.7 (2.8-6.7) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-6.0 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-6.0 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5.5 (2.8-10.0) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5.5 (2.8-10.0) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Potassium (mEq/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6 (1.4-5.0) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6 (1.4-5.0) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6-5.2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6-5.2 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.6 (0.4-7.0) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.6 (0.4-7.0) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Protein total (g/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6.5 (5-8) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6.5 (5-8) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.8-5.0 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.8-5.0 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.8 (2.4-5.4) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.8 (2.4-5.4) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Albumin (g/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.0-1.6 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.0-1.6 | ||
Line 287: | Line 293: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.7 (1.0-2.3) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.7 (1.0-2.3) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Sodium (mEq/l) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 158 (145-167) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 158 (145-167) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 140-158 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 140-158 | ||
Line 297: | Line 303: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Uric acid (mg/dl) |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.6 (<0.3-3.1) | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.6 (<0.3-3.1) | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.8-6.0 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.8-6.0 | ||
Line 303: | Line 309: | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | + | ||
− | *Wright, K.M. & Skeba, S. (1992). Hematology and plasma chemistries of captive prehensile-tailed skinks (Corucia zebrata). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 23:429-432. | + | |
+ | |||
+ | References | ||
+ | *Wright, K.M. & Skeba, S. (1992). Hematology and plasma chemistries of captive prehensile-tailed skinks (Corucia zebrata). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 23:429-432.= | ||
*Carpenter, J.W., Mashima, T.Y. & Rupiper, D.J. (1996). Exotic Animal Formulary. Greystone Publications, Kansas. Pp. 74-76. | *Carpenter, J.W., Mashima, T.Y. & Rupiper, D.J. (1996). Exotic Animal Formulary. Greystone Publications, Kansas. Pp. 74-76. | ||
*Kopplin, R.P., Tarr, R.S. & Iverson, C.N.M. (1983). Serum profile of the iguanid lizard (Dipsosaurus dorsalis). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 14:30-32. | *Kopplin, R.P., Tarr, R.S. & Iverson, C.N.M. (1983). Serum profile of the iguanid lizard (Dipsosaurus dorsalis). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 14:30-32. | ||
Line 324: | Line 333: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.84-1.93 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.84-1.93 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Total protein (g/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42 - 76 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42 - 76 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 330: | Line 339: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 7.68-19.99 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 7.68-19.99 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Albumin (g/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 13 - 33 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 13 - 33 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 354: | Line 363: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42.4 - 88.2 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42.4 - 88.2 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Uric acid (umol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 180 - 325 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 180 - 325 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 360: | Line 369: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 271-342 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 271-342 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Calcium (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2.48-3.43 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2.48-3.43 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Heterophils (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2.0-7.23 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2.0-7.23 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
Line 369: | Line 378: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 15 - 247 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 15 - 247 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Eosinophils (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.12-1.67 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.12-1.67 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
Line 375: | Line 384: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0-1 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0-1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Lymphocytes (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.92-8.34 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.92-8.34 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF" | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| LDH (iu/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42-392 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 42-392 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Monocytes (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.12 0.57 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.12 0.57 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Sodium (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 136 - 169 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 136 - 169 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Basophils (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.00-26.3 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.00-26.3 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Potassium (mmol/l) | ||
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 3.1-5.1 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 3.1-5.1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Azurophils (x 10^9) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.40-3.23 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0.40-3.23 | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Chloride (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 114 - 130 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 114 - 130 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Thrombocytes |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
|bgcolor="#9999FF"| | |bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | + | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| Phosphorus (mmol/l) |
|bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 1.35-2.91 | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 1.35-2.91 | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
==Bosc [[Monitor|monitor]] blood values== | ==Bosc [[Monitor|monitor]] blood values== | ||
Line 424: | Line 435: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 20-35% | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 20-35% | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| uric acid |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 90-300 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 90-300 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| sodium |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 145-190 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 145-190 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 433: | Line 444: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3-10 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3-10 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Ca |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.1-3.2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.1-3.2 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| K |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.2-4.3 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.2-4.3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 445: | Line 456: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.1-2.5 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.1-2.5 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Cl |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 142-155 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 142-155 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 469: | Line 480: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Glu |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-9.6 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-9.6 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | |bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
Line 502: | Line 513: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
==Haematology and biochemistry of the inland [[Bearded Dragon|bearded dragon]] (''Pogona vitticeps'')== | ==Haematology and biochemistry of the inland [[Bearded Dragon|bearded dragon]] (''Pogona vitticeps'')== | ||
Line 521: | Line 533: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6.736-19.946 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6.736-19.946 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Heterophils |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 27 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 27 | ||
Line 533: | Line 545: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.619-7.339 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.619-7.339 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Lymphocytes |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 59 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 59 | ||
Line 545: | Line 557: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4.012-12.033 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4.012-12.033 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Monocytes |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1 | ||
Line 557: | Line 569: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0-0.499 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0-0.499 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Basophils |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 9 | ||
Line 566: | Line 578: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 10^3/ul | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 10^3/ul | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.125 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.125 | ||
+ | |||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.729 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.729 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.205-3.191 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.205-3.191 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Azurophils |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4 | ||
Line 581: | Line 594: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0-1.085 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0-1.085 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Hematocrit | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Hematocrit |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| % | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 27 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 27 | ||
Line 615: | Line 628: | ||
!bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Range | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Range | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Glucose |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/I | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/I | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11.7 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11.7 | ||
Line 627: | Line 640: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 139-291 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 139-291 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| BUN |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.7 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.7 | ||
Line 633: | Line 646: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <0.7-1.4 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <0.7-1.4 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1 | ||
Line 639: | Line 652: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <1-2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| <1-2 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Uric acid |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 310 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 310 | ||
Line 651: | Line 664: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.6-11.4 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.6-11.4 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Calcium |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.95 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.95 | ||
Line 657: | Line 670: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.2-6.8 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.2-6.8 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11.8 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 11.8 | ||
Line 663: | Line 676: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 8.6-27.2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 8.6-27.2 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Phosphorus |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.9 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.9 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.61 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.61 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.1-3.2 | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.1-3.2 |
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5.9 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 5.9 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.9 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 1.9 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-9.8 | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.5-9.8 |
|- | |- | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Cholesterol | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Cholesterol | ||
Line 681: | Line 694: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 8.07-31.7 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 8.07-31.7 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mg/dl | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 671 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 671 | ||
Line 687: | Line 700: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 312-1224 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 312-1224 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC" | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| ALT |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| iu/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| iu/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| < 3 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| < 3 | ||
Line 699: | Line 712: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4-40 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4-40 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Sodium |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 153 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 153 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 15 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 15 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 141-190 | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 141-190 |
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Chloride |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 123 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 123 | ||
Line 711: | Line 724: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 80-140 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 80-140 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| Potassium |
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| mmol/l or mEq/l | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.6 | ||
Line 721: | Line 734: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.2 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.2 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.8 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.8 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.9-3.8 | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.9-3.8 |
|} | |} | ||
− | + | ||
− | * Eliman, M.M. (1997). Hematology and plasma chemistry of the inland bearded dragon, ''Pogona vitticeps''. In Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians 7(4). | + | |
+ | |||
+ | References | ||
+ | * Eliman, M.M. (1997). Hematology and plasma chemistry of the inland bearded dragon, ''Pogona vitticeps''. In Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians 7(4).= | ||
==[[Prehensile-tailed Skink|Prehensile-tailed skink]] (''Corucia zebrata'')== | ==[[Prehensile-tailed Skink|Prehensile-tailed skink]] (''Corucia zebrata'')== | ||
Line 736: | Line 752: | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
!bgcolor="#66FF99"| | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
− | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| WBC | + | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| WBC |
!bgcolor="#66FF99"| RBC count | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| RBC count | ||
!bgcolor="#66FF99"| Hb | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Hb | ||
Line 746: | Line 762: | ||
!bgcolor="#66FF99"| Mean +/- s.d. | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 13.68 - 6.333 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 13.68 - 6.333 | ||
− | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.50 - 0.26 | + | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 1.50 - 0.26 |
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 89 - 19 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 89 - 19 | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.333 - 0.073 | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 0.333 - 0.073 | ||
Line 771: | Line 787: | ||
|bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
===Differential=== | ===Differential=== | ||
Line 777: | Line 796: | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
!bgcolor="#9999FF"| | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Heterophils |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF" | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Lymphocytes |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF" | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Monocytes |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF" | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Eosinophils |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Basophils |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| | + | |
− | !bgcolor="#9999FF" | + | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Azurophils |
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Thrombocytes | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#9999FF"| Mean +/- s.d. | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
Line 813: | Line 833: | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | + | ===Chemistry=== | |
− | ===Chemistry | ||
{| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | {| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
− | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Calcium | + | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Calcium |
− | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Phosphorus | + | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Phosphorus |
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Sodium | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Sodium | ||
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Potassium | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Potassium | ||
Line 832: | Line 851: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4.1 - 1.0 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4.1 - 1.0 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 124 - 6 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 124 - 6 | ||
− | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| No. of samples (individuals) | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| No. of samples (individuals) | ||
Line 840: | Line 859: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35 - 31 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35 - 31 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 25 - 23 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 25 - 23 | ||
− | + | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | |
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Range: min - max | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Range: min - max | ||
Line 848: | Line 867: | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.6 - 7.3 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 2.6 - 7.3 | ||
|bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 114 - 140 | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 114 - 140 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Magnesium | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| HCO3 | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| BUN | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Creatinine | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Uric Acid | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Glucose | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22.3 - 7.2 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| .0000 - .0000 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 27 - 18 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.124 - 0.071 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 6.215 - 1.485 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| No. of samples (individuals) | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4 - 2 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 10 - 8 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 19 - 17 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 34 - 31 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35 - 31 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFFF99"| Range: min - max | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 13.1 - 30.7 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| .0000 - .3570 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0 - 62 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 0.018 - 0.325 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 3.850 - 10.95 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Cholesterol | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Triglycerides | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| CK | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| LDH | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| ALP | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| ALT | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 3.094 - 1.534 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| .9020 - .9020 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 226 - 212 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 149 - 122 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 126 - 32 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 7 - 3 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| No. of samples (individuals) | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 36 - 32 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 12 - 10 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 25 - 21 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 9 - 9 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 14 - 14 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 15 - 14 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#66FF99"| Range: min - max | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| .7800 - 6.552 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| .3080 - 3.509 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 27 - 940 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 42 - 392 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 90 - 207 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCFFCC"| 2 - 12 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| AST | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| GGT | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Tot Bilirubin | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| D Bilirubin | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Ind Bilirubin | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Fibrinogen | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 18 - 18 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0 - 0 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2 -2 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| No. of samples (individuals) | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 30 - 27 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 8 - 8 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 18 - 16 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#9999FF"| Range: min - max | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 2 - 76 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0 - 1 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| 0 - 7 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#CCCCFF"| | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===Electrophoresis=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="2" align="center" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" rules="all"; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
!bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Osmolarity | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Globulin | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Albumin | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Total protein | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Mean +/- s.d. | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 360 - 17 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 35 - 9 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 22 - 5 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 60 - 10 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| No. of samples (individuals) | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 4 - 2 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 14 -14 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 14 - 14 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 19 - 17 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !bgcolor="#FFCC99"| Range: min - max | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 335 - 373 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 19 - 54 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 13 - 33 | ||
+ | |bgcolor="#FFFFCC"| 42 - 76 | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{review}} | ||
+ | {{OpenPages}} | ||
+ | [[Category:Lizard_Diagnostics|B]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Haematology Reference Ranges]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Biochemistry Reference Ranges]] |
Latest revision as of 19:29, 26 June 2012
Introduction
Baseline haematology and biochemistry values of 'normals' must be established per patient and per laboratory. It is very useful to establish normals for individual patients at the time of regular health checks before an animal is presented in ill health. Values may vary depending on season, breeding condition and diet. The following values have been taken from various sources and reflect the laboratory methods as well as the individual species. Caution is advised when using these values for the interpretation of your own patients' blood results.
Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the green iguana (Iguana iguana)
Ten wild caught iguanas were blood sampled as part of a health assessment prior to introduction to an existing group. The iguanas were manually restrained by holding the forelimbs laterally against their chest and the hindlimbs against the tail. Blood was collected from the ventral tail vein and placed in lithium heparin. A fresh blood smear was made at the time of collection. Urea, creatinine and LDH were considered poor diagnostic parameters.
Haematology | Values | Biochemistry | Values | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total RBC count (x 10^12/l) | 1.0-1.9 | Total protein (g/l) | 50-78 | |
PCV (l/l) | 0.25-0.38 | Albumin (g/l) | 21-28 | |
Hb (g/dl) | 6.0-10.0 | Globulin (g/l) | 25-43 | |
MCV (fl) | 165-305 | Uric acid (mmol/l) | 70-140 | |
MCH (pg) | 48-78 | ALP (iu/l) | 50-290 | |
MCHC (g/dl) | 20-38 | ALT (iu/l) | 5-68 | |
Total WBC count (x 10^9/l) | 3-10 | AST (iu/l) | 5-52 | |
Heterophils (x 10^9/l) | 0.35-5.2 | GGT (iu/l) | 0-3 | |
Azurophils (x 10^9/l) | 0.0-1.7 | Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.7-8.6 | |
Lymphocytes (x 10^9/l) | 0.5-5.5 | Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.6-7.8 | |
Eosinophils (x 10^9/l) | 0.0-0.3 | Glucose (mmol/l) | 9.4-16.0 | |
Monocytes (x 10^9/l) | 0.0-0.1 | Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.2-3.5 | |
Basophils (x 10^9/l) | 0.0-0.5 | Phosphorus (mmol/l) | 1.5-3.0 |
References
- Divers, S. (1996). Normal haematology & plasma biochemistry values in the green iguana. British Veterinary Zoological Society, Summer newsletter 1996:5-6.
Haematology and biochemistry of selected lizards (American units)
Prehensile-tailed skink (Corucia sp.) | Green iguana (Iguana iguana) | Iguanid lizard (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) | |
---|---|---|---|
Haematology | |||
PCV (%) | 35 (24-60) | 45-52 | |
RBC(10^12/l) | 1.5 (0.8-1.4) | 3.5-5.8 | |
Hb (g/dl) | 9.6 (7.4-11.6) | 7.1 | |
MCV (fl) | 263 (152-600) | 78-149 | |
MCH (pg) | 69 (42-111) | 12-20 | |
MCHC (g/dl) | 28 (17-56) | 14-16 | |
WBC (x 10^9/l) | 12.4 (3.9-22.4) | 9 (4.3-15.0) | |
Heterophils (%) | 37 (16-58) | 5-55 | |
Azurophils (%) | 22 (8-42) | ||
Lymphocytes (%) | 22 (2-40) | 35-55 | |
Eosinophils (%) | 4(0-18) | 2 | |
Monocytes (%) | 0.6 (0-6) | <4 | |
Basophils (%) | 15 (4-26) | rare | |
Biochemistry | |||
ALT (iu/l) | 35-90 | 13 (3-38) | |
AP (iu/l) | 30-95 | 14 (4-30) | |
AST (iu/l) | 19 (<4-76) | 20-65 | 179 (34-400) |
Bilirubin total (mg/dl) | 0.4-1.0 | 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | |
BUN (mg/dl) | 6-15 | 2 (1-5) | |
Calcium (mg/dl) | 13 (11-21) | 9-13 | 11 (8-30) |
Chloride (mEq/l) | 124 (123-129) | 102-125 | 120 (12-155) |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 144 (11-252) | 210 (110-250) | 243 (100-399) |
Creatine kinase (iu/l) | 210 (27-940) | 90-300 | 4500 (700-14.240) |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.1-0.7 | 0.5 (0.2-1.8) | |
GGT (iu/l) | |||
Glucose (mg/dl) | 100 (70-122) | 197-280 | 355 (255-575) |
LDH (iu/l) | 150-400 | 789 (145-2915) | |
Magnesium (mEq/l) | 0.9 | ||
Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 3.7 (2.8-6.7) | 3.5-6.0 | 5.5 (2.8-10.0) |
Potassium (mEq/l) | 3.6 (1.4-5.0) | 3.6-5.2 | 2.6 (0.4-7.0) |
Protein total (g/dl) | 6.5 (5-8) | 2.8-5.0 | 3.8 (2.4-5.4) |
Albumin (g/dl) | 1.0-1.6 | 2.3 (1.6-3.0) | |
Globulin (g/l) | 1.5 (0.8-2.4) | ||
a:g ratio | 1.7 (1.0-2.3) | ||
Sodium (mEq/l) | 158 (145-167) | 140-158 | 164 (137-245) |
Thyroxine (ìg/dl) | 1.5-4.6 | ||
Uric acid (mg/dl) | 1.6 (<0.3-3.1) | 2.8-6.0 | 5.6 (2.4-13.3) |
References
- Wright, K.M. & Skeba, S. (1992). Hematology and plasma chemistries of captive prehensile-tailed skinks (Corucia zebrata). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 23:429-432.=
- Carpenter, J.W., Mashima, T.Y. & Rupiper, D.J. (1996). Exotic Animal Formulary. Greystone Publications, Kansas. Pp. 74-76.
- Kopplin, R.P., Tarr, R.S. & Iverson, C.N.M. (1983). Serum profile of the iguanid lizard (Dipsosaurus dorsalis). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 14:30-32.
Haematology and biochemistry of chameleons
- 38 samples from 35 individuals – 8 institutions
- ISIS values
- International units
Haematology | Values | Biochemistry | Values | |
---|---|---|---|---|
RBC (x10^12) | 0.84-1.93 | Total protein (g/l) | 42 - 76 | |
WBC (x10^9) | 7.68-19.99 | Albumin (g/l) | 13 - 33 | |
PCV (l/l) | 0.19-0.40 | Urea (mmol/l) | 1.1-5.3 | |
Haemaglobin (g/l) | 3.6-11.6 | ALK (iu/l) | 10-207 | |
MCV (fl) | 145 - 353 | Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.09-6.53 | |
MCH (pg) | 42.4 - 88.2 | Uric acid (umol/l) | 180 - 325 | |
MCHC (g/dl) | 271-342 | Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.48-3.43 | |
Heterophils (x 10^9) | 2.0-7.23 | AST (iu/l) | 15 - 247 | |
Eosinophils (x 10^9) | 0.12-1.67 | GOT (iu/l) | 0-1 | |
Lymphocytes (x 10^9) | 0.92-8.34 | LDH (iu/l) | 42-392 | |
Monocytes (x 10^9) | 0.12 0.57 | Sodium (mmol/l) | 136 - 169 | |
Basophils (x 10^9) | 0.00-26.3 | Potassium (mmol/l) | 3.1-5.1 | |
Azurophils (x 10^9) | 0.40-3.23 | Chloride (mmol/l) | 114 - 130 | |
Thrombocytes | Phosphorus (mmol/l) | 1.35-2.91 |
Bosc monitor blood values
Anecdotal information - International units
CBC | Values | Biochemistry | Values | Electrolytes | Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PCV | 20-35% | uric acid | 90-300 | sodium | 145-190 | ||
WBC | 3-10 | Ca | 2.1-3.2 | K | 3.2-4.3 | ||
PO | 1.1-2.5 | Cl | 142-155 | ||||
AST | 20-140 | ||||||
TP | 55-85 | ||||||
Glu | 3.5-9.6 | ||||||
Amylase | 150-700 | ||||||
Chol | 2.5-7.5 | ||||||
Trig | 1.0-4.5 |
Haematology and biochemistry of the inland bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
Haematology for 21 inland bearded dragons.
Unit | Mean | SD | Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
WBC | 10^3/ul | 12.053 | 4.084 | 6.736-19.946 |
Heterophils | % | 27 | 8 | 17-43 |
10^3/ul | 3.325 | 1.634 | 1.619-7.339 | |
Lymphocytes | % | 59 | 7 | 47-69 |
10^3/ul | 7.053 | 2.410 | 4.012-12.033 | |
Monocytes | % | 1 | 1 | 0-4 |
10^3/ul | 0.105 | 0.163 | 0-0.499 | |
Basophils | % | 9 | 4 | 2-18 |
10^3/ul | 1.125 | 0.729 | 0.205-3.191 | |
Azurophils | % | 4 | 2 | 0-9 |
10^3/ul | 0.414 | 0.288 | 0-1.085 | |
Hematocrit | % | 27 | 7 | 17-50 |
Total solids | g/dl | 6.6 | 1.2 | 4.5-9.5 |
g/l | 66 | 12 | 45-95 |
Plasma chemistry values of inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).
- Sample size for the WBC and differential, TS, PCV glucose, uric acid, calcium, and phosphorus was 21; for cholesterol, sodium, chloride, potassium, BUN, ALT and AST, sample size was 20.
- All values of ALT were < 3 iu/L, with the exception of one value of 5. NA = not applicable.
Unit | Mean | SD | Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glucose | mmol/I | 11.7 | 2.2 | 7.72-16.2 |
mg/dl | 210 | 40 | 139-291 | |
BUN | mmol/l | 0.7 | 0.2 | <0.7-1.4 |
mg/dl | 1 | 0.4 | <1-2 | |
Uric acid | mmol/l | 310 | 150 | 95-678 |
mg/dl | 5.2 | 2.6 | 1.6-11.4 | |
Calcium | mmol/l | 2.95 | 0.95 | 2.2-6.8 |
mg/dl | 11.8 | 3.8 | 8.6-27.2 | |
Phosphorus | mmol/l | 1.9 | 0.61 | 1.1-3.2 |
mg/dl | 5.9 | 1.9 | 3.5-9.8 | |
Cholesterol | mmol/l | 17.4 | 5.92 | 8.07-31.7 |
mg/dl | 671 | 229 | 312-1224 | |
ALT | iu/l | < 3 | NA | < 3-5 |
AST | iu/l | 13 | 9 | 4-40 |
Sodium | mmol/l or mEq/l | 153 | 15 | 141-190 |
Chloride | mmol/l or mEq/l | 123 | 13 | 80-140 |
Potassium | mmol/l or mEq/l | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.0-6.5 |
Calcium:Phosphorus | 2.2 | 0.8 | 0.9-3.8 |
References
- Eliman, M.M. (1997). Hematology and plasma chemistry of the inland bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps. In Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians 7(4).=
Prehensile-tailed skink (Corucia zebrata)
ISIS values, International units
Haematology
WBC | RBC count | Hb | PCV | MCV | MCH | MCHC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 13.68 - 6.333 | 1.50 - 0.26 | 89 - 19 | 0.333 - 0.073 | 249.0 - 104.0 | 70.1 - 18.7 | 279 - 71 |
No. of samples (individuals) | 37 - 33 | 26 - 24 | 27 - 24 | 38 - 35 | 26 - 24 | 17 - 15 | 25 - 23 |
Range: min - max | 3.930 - 31.60 | 0.84 - 1.93 | 36 - 116 | 0.190 - 0.600 | 152.0 - 600.0 | 42.4 - 110.7 |
Differential
Heterophils | Lymphocytes | Monocytes | Eosinophils | Basophils | Azurophils | Thrombocytes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 4.711 - 2.053 | 4.792 - 3.817 | 0.307 - 0.246 | 0.878 - 0.877 | 1.720 - 1.919 | 1.861 - 0.831 | |
No. of samples (individuals) | 37 - 33 | 37 - 33 | 13 - 13 | 22 - 20 | 34 - 31 | 13 - 13 | |
Range: min - max | 1.010 - 12.00 | 0.332 - 16.50 | 0.079 - 0.948 | 0.125 - 3.160 | 0.104 | 0.400 - 3.232 |
Chemistry
Calcium | Phosphorus | Sodium | Potassium | Chloride | Iron | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 3.03 - 0.4 | 1.23 - 0.32 | 161 - 8 | 4.1 - 1.0 | 124 - 6 | |
No. of samples (individuals) | 35 - 32 | 31 - 29 | 35 - 31 | 35 - 31 | 25 - 23 | |
Range: min - max | 2.48 - 4.15 | 0.78 - 2.13 | 138 - 178 | 2.6 - 7.3 | 114 - 140 |
Magnesium | HCO3 | BUN | Creatinine | Uric Acid | Glucose | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 22.3 - 7.2 | .0000 - .0000 | 27 - 18 | 0.124 - 0.071 | 6.215 - 1.485 | |
No. of samples (individuals) | 4 - 2 | 10 - 8 | 19 - 17 | 34 - 31 | 35 - 31 | |
Range: min - max | 13.1 - 30.7 | .0000 - .3570 | 0 - 62 | 0.018 - 0.325 | 3.850 - 10.95 |
Cholesterol | Triglycerides | CK | LDH | ALP | ALT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 3.094 - 1.534 | .9020 - .9020 | 226 - 212 | 149 - 122 | 126 - 32 | 7 - 3 |
No. of samples (individuals) | 36 - 32 | 12 - 10 | 25 - 21 | 9 - 9 | 14 - 14 | 15 - 14 |
Range: min - max | .7800 - 6.552 | .3080 - 3.509 | 27 - 940 | 42 - 392 | 90 - 207 | 2 - 12 |
AST | GGT | Tot Bilirubin | D Bilirubin | Ind Bilirubin | Fibrinogen | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 18 - 18 | 0 - 0 | 2 -2 | |||
No. of samples (individuals) | 30 - 27 | 8 - 8 | 18 - 16 | |||
Range: min - max | 2 - 76 | 0 - 1 | 0 - 7 |
Electrophoresis
Osmolarity | Globulin | Albumin | Total protein | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean +/- s.d. | 360 - 17 | 35 - 9 | 22 - 5 | 60 - 10 |
No. of samples (individuals) | 4 - 2 | 14 -14 | 14 - 14 | 19 - 17 |
Range: min - max | 335 - 373 | 19 - 54 | 13 - 33 | 42 - 76 |
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