Difference between revisions of "Endocrine System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology"

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==Introduction==
|linktext =ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
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Comprised of a group of duct-less glands with limited or no anatomical contact with each other, the endocrine system integrates and controls metabolic activity through the secretion of [[Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] into the [[Vascular System - Anatomy & Physiology|vascular system]]. These hormones may have their effects on tissues and organs far from where they were produced. 
|thispagenormal = Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology
 
|thispagemap = Endocrine System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology
 
|pagetype =Anatomy
 
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<br>
 
==The Endocrine System==
 
  
Comprised of a group of duct-less [[Endocrine System - Endocrine Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|glands]] with limited or no anatomical contact with each other, the Endocrine System integrates and controls metabolic activity through the secretion of [[Endocrine System - Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] into the [[Vascular System - Anatomy & Physiology|vascular system]]. These hormones may have their effects on tissues and organs far from where they were produced. 
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The endocrine system integrates with, and is under the control of the [[Nervous and Special Senses - Anatomy & Physiology#Nervous System|nervous system]] with close association between the [[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]] and the [[Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|pituitary gland]], which acts to co-ordinate many of the body's other endocrine glands. The system relies largely on [[Negative Feedback - Anatomy & Physiology|negative feedback]] loops to maintain homeostasis, with some examples of [[Positive Feedback - Anatomy & Physiology|positive feedback]] to elicit suitable responses.
  
The endocrine system integrates with, and is under the control of the [[Nervous and Special Senses - Anatomy & Physiology#Nervous System|Nervous System]] with close association between the [[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]] and the [[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]], which acts to co-ordinate many of the body's other endocrine glands. The system relies largely on [[Endocrine System - Negative Feedback - Anatomy & Physiology|negative feedback]] loops to maintain homeostasis, with some examples of [[Endocrine System - Positive Feedback - Anatomy & Physiology|positive feedback]] to elicit suitable responses.
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Many of the endocrine glands have a similar basic structure, composed of clusters of secretory cells of epithelial origin.  Hormones are secreted into the interstitial space whereby they are rapidly absorbed into the [[Vascular System - Anatomy & Physiology|vascular system]].  In contrast the [[Exocrine - Anatomy & Physiology|exocrine]] system utilises ducts enabling it to secrete its contents directly to its target area.
  
Many of the endocrine glands have a similar basic structure, composed of clusters of secretory cells of epithelial origin.  Hormones are secreted into the interstitial space whereby they are rapidly absorbed into the [[Vascular System - Anatomy & Physiology|vascular system]].  In contrast the [[Exocrine - Anatomy & Physiology|exocrine]] system utilises ducts enabling it to secrete its contents directly to its target area. 
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==The Endocrine Glands==
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*[[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]]
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*[[Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]]
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*[[Thyroid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Thyroid Gland]]
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*[[Parathyroid Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Parathyroid Glands]]
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*[[Adrenal Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Adrenal Glands]]
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*[[Pineal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pineal Gland]]
  
Here we will consider the main endocrine glands and their functional anatomy and physiology:
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==Tissues and organs with endocrine functions==
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*[[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine Function|Pancreas]]
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*[[Gut Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Gut]]
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*[[Kidney Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Kidney]]
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*[[Heart Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Heart]]
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*[[Adipose Tissue Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Adipose Tissue]]
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*[[Liver Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Liver]]
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*[[Skin Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Skin]]
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*[[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|Thymus]]
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*[[Testes Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Testes]]
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*[[Ovaries Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Ovaries]]
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*[[Placenta Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology|Placenta]]
  
<big>
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==Homeostatic mechanisms under hormonal control==
::[[Endocrine System - Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hypothalamus]]
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*[[Calcium|Calcium Homeostasis]]
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*[[Phosphorus|Phosphorus Homeostasis]]
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*[[Magnesium|Magnesium]]
  
::[[Endocrine System - Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pituitary Gland]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Thyroid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Thyroid Gland]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Parathyroid Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Parathyroid Glands]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Adrenal Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|Adrenal Glands]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Pineal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Pineal Gland]]
 
</big>
 
 
Endocrine functions of the following tissues and organs will be briefly covered:
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Endocrine Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|Pancreas]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Gut - Anatomy & Physiology|Gut]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology|Kidney]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Heart - Anatomy & Physiology|Heart]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Adipose Tissue - Anatomy & Physiology|Adipose Tissue]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|Liver]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Skin - Anatomy & Physiology|Skin]]
 
 
::[[Thymus - Anatomy & Physiology#Endocrine|Thymus]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Testes - Anatomy & Physiology|Testes]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Ovaries - Anatomy & Physiology|Ovaries]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Placenta - Anatomy & Physiology|Placenta]]
 
 
 
 
Also mentioned are the main hormonally controlled homeostatic mechanisms for ions:
 
<big>
 
::[[Endocrine System - Calcium Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology|Calcium Homeostasis]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Phosphorus Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology|Phosphorus Homeostasis]]
 
 
::[[Endocrine System - Magnesium - Anatomy & Physiology|Magnesium]]
 
 
</big>
 
 
==Test Yourself on Endocrinology - Anatomy and Physiology==
 
 
*[[Endocrine System - Flash Cards - Anatomy and Physiology|Flash Cards]]
 
  
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{{Template:Learning
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|flashcards = [[:Category:Endocrine System Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards|Endocrinology Flashcards]]
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|OVAM = [[Endocrine System Vetlogic Quiz|Endocrine System Quiz]]
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}}
  
 
==Acknowledgements and Reference Material==
 
==Acknowledgements and Reference Material==
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*{{citation|initiallast = Dyce|initialfirst = K.M|2last = Sack|2first = W.O|finallast = Wensing|finalfirst = C.J.G|year = 2002|title = Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy|ed =3rd|city = Philadelphia|pub = Saunders}}
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*{{citation|initiallast = Sjaastad|initialfirst = O.V|2last = Hove|2first = K|finallast = Sand|finalfirst = O|year = 2004|title = Physiology of Domestic Animals|city = Oslo|pub = Scandinavian Veterinary Press}}
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*Histology images provided by RVC
  
[[Endocrine System - Acknowledgements - Anatomy & Physiology|Acknowledgements]]
 
  
[[Endocrine System - Reference Material - Anatomy & Physiology|Reference Material]]
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{{OpenPages}}
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[[Category:Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology]]

Latest revision as of 19:19, 1 July 2014


Introduction

Comprised of a group of duct-less glands with limited or no anatomical contact with each other, the endocrine system integrates and controls metabolic activity through the secretion of hormones into the vascular system. These hormones may have their effects on tissues and organs far from where they were produced.

The endocrine system integrates with, and is under the control of the nervous system with close association between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, which acts to co-ordinate many of the body's other endocrine glands. The system relies largely on negative feedback loops to maintain homeostasis, with some examples of positive feedback to elicit suitable responses.

Many of the endocrine glands have a similar basic structure, composed of clusters of secretory cells of epithelial origin. Hormones are secreted into the interstitial space whereby they are rapidly absorbed into the vascular system. In contrast the exocrine system utilises ducts enabling it to secrete its contents directly to its target area.

The Endocrine Glands

Tissues and organs with endocrine functions

Homeostatic mechanisms under hormonal control



Endocrine System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology Learning Resources
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Flashcards
Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions
Endocrinology Flashcards
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OVAM
Anatomy Museum Resources
Endocrine System Quiz


Acknowledgements and Reference Material

  • Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O. and Wensing, C.J.G. (2002) Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.
  • Sjaastad, O.V., Hove, K. and Sand, O. (2004) Physiology of Domestic Animals. Oslo: Scandinavian Veterinary Press.
  • Histology images provided by RVC



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